bone and soft tissue non-neoplastic Flashcards
1. Describe the common bone related findings in genetic abnormalities of non-neoplastic bone lesions (Achondroplasia, osteogenesis imperfecta, osteopetrosis) 2. Describe the bone related findings and pathophysiology of common acquired structural abnormalities of non-neoplastic bone lesions (osteoporosis, Paget's disease, Osteomalacia, Hyperparathyroidism and renal osteodystrophy) 3. Describe the clinicopathologic features and common causes of osteonecrosis (avascular necrosis)
major cause of dwarfism
achondroplasia
mutation in achondroplasia
FGFR3
problem in achondroplasia
FGFR3 mutation normally inhibits cartilage proliferation. Mutation turns it on permantly, causing it to prevent chondrocytes from bein formed
collegen deficiancy in osteogenesis imperfecta (OI)
type 1
blue schlera found in
OI
condition where bones are harder than usual
osteopetrosis
deficency in osteopetrosis
carbonic anhydrase II, which stimulates osetoclast activity
causes of osteoporosis
being female, being old, low Ca intake, low exersize, decreasin estrogen levels
why don’t men get osteoporosis?
testosterone
fracture sites in osteoporosis
femoral neck and vertabrae
test for osteoporosis
DEXA bone scan
abnormal bone matrix due to excessive remodelling
paget’s disease
phases of paget’s disease
osteolytic, mixed osteoclastic/osteoblastic, quiescent osteoschlerotic
“My hats don’t fit!”
paget’s disease
complications of paget’s disease
deafness, bone neoplasms
