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chemistry > Bonding Structure And Properties Of Matter R > Flashcards

Bonding Structure And Properties Of Matter R Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the three types of strong chemical bonds

A

Ionic bonds

Covalent bonds

Metallic bonds

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2
Q

What are atoms that have gained or lost electrons called

A

Ions

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3
Q

What do Ionic bonds occur between

A

Positive and negative ions

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4
Q

What type of outer shell do ions have and why?

A

Full,due to ions always having a charge due to losing or gaining electrons giving it the charge

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5
Q

Ionic binding involves a transfer of electrons from ____atoms to ______atoms

A

Metals

Non-metals

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6
Q

What type of force of attraction is an ionic bond

A

Electrostatic force of attraction

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7
Q

What are ionic compounds giant structures of

A

Ions

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8
Q

What are ionic compounds held together by

A

Strong ionic compounds

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9
Q

What are feature of ionic compounds

A

Have high melting and boiling points

Don’t conduct electricity when solid due to ions can’t move

Conduct electricity when dissolved or molten because charged ions are free to move about and carry their charge

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10
Q

Where does metallic binding occur

A

Metallic elements such as iron and copper

Alloys, such as stainless steel

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11
Q

What does delocalised electron mean?

A

Not bound to one atom

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12
Q

Why can metals conduct electricity surprisingly well for a solid

A

Die to many delocalised electrons which travel between each molecule to transfer the electricity

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13
Q

what is a lattice of positive ions held together by

A

electrostatic attraction

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14
Q

what type of bond is pulling together the positive ions and delocalised electrons

A

metallic bond

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15
Q

why are metals useful as structural materials

A

metallic bonds are very strong and metals have high melting and boiling points

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16
Q

what type of particle arrangements are in pure metals

A

a regular arrangement

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17
Q

why are pure metals easily bent

A

the layers slide over eachother quite easily

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18
Q

why is copper traditionally made to make water pipes

A
  • it is an unreactive metal,so does not react with water

- it can be easily shaped

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19
Q

what are the uses for aluminum

A

high-voltage power,cables,furniture,drinks cans,foil food wrap

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20
Q

what are the properties of aluminium

A

corrosion resistant,ductile,malleable,good conductivity,low density

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21
Q

what are the uses for copper

A

electrical wiring,water pipes,sauce pans

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22
Q

what are the properties of copper

A

ductile,malleable,good conductivity

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23
Q

what are the uses for gold

A

jewellery,electrical junctions

24
Q

what are the properties of gold

A

ductile,shiny,god conductivity

25
Q

what are most metal objects made from?

A

alloys

26
Q

what do alloys do?

A

the added element to the pure metal disturbs the weak regular arrangement of the metal atoms so the metal atoms dont slide over eachother so recently

27
Q

What are transition metals

A

Metals which have a partially filled outer shell

28
Q

Where can transition metals be found

A

The middle of the periodic table

29
Q

What is a covalent bond

A

A shared pair of electrons between atoms

30
Q

Where do covalent bonds occur in

A

Non metallic elements and compounds of non metals

31
Q

If a chlorine atom has seven electrons in its outer shell in order to bind with another chlorine atom what must happen

A

An electron from each atom is shared

This gives chlorine atom eight electrons in the outer shell

Each atom now has a complete outer shell

32
Q

How can covalent bonds in molecules be shown

A

Dot and cross diagrams

33
Q

Are covalent bonds weak or strong

A

Strong

34
Q

What do simple molecules contain

A

A relatively small no. Of non metal atoms joined together by covalent bonds

35
Q

What usually are substances that consist of simple molecules

A

Liquids and gases that have relatively low melting and boiling points

36
Q

Why do simple molecules have low melting and boiling points

A

They have weak intermolecular forces

37
Q

If a molecule is large is the intermolecular forces stronger or weaker

A

Stronger

38
Q

What happens when you go down group 7 of the periodic table

A

The molecules get larger and melting points increase due to stronger intermolecular forces

39
Q

At room temp. What is fluorine

A

Gas

40
Q

At room temp.what is bromine

A

Liquid

41
Q

At room temp. What is iodine

A

Solid

42
Q

What are atoms in giant covalent structures linked by

A

Strong covalent bonds

43
Q

What is a giant covalent structure

A

A giant covalent structure is a three-dimensional structure of atoms that are joined by covalent bonds

44
Q

What must happen to the bonds in giant covalent structures for it to melt or boil

A

They must be broken

45
Q

What do all the strong covalent bonds mean in a diamond

A

All the strong covalent bonds mean that it is a very hard substance with a very high melting point

46
Q

What type of structure should diamond have

A

It has a giant,rigid covalent structure

47
Q

What does each carbon atom form in diamond

A

Each carbon atom forms four strong covalent bonds with other carbon atoms

48
Q

What is diamond unable to do without charge particles

A

There are no charged particles so it does not conduct electricity

49
Q

In graphite what does each carbon atom form

A

Three covalent bonds with other carbon atoms

50
Q

What type of shape does graphite have

A

A layered hexagonal structure

51
Q

What is layers in graphite held together by

A

Weak intermolecular forces

52
Q

What doe is mean if graphite has weak intermolecular forces between kayers

A

The layers can slide past eachother ,making graphite soft and slippery

53
Q

One electron from each carbon atom in graphite is ____________

A

Delocalised

54
Q

What do delocalised electrons allow graphite to conduct

A

Heat and electricity

55
Q

What type of structure does silicon dioxide have

A

A lattice structure similar to diamond

56
Q

In silicon dioxide what is each oxygen atom joined to

A

Two silicon atoms

57
Q

In silicon dioxide what is each silicon atom joined to

A

Four oxygen atoms

chemistry (35 decks)

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