BMB 3 - Miscellaneous Flashcards
Patients with ADHD have ___creased dopamine/norepinephrine in the ___________.
Patients with ADHD have decreased dopamine/norepinephrine in the striatum.
How do you manage patients during the transition time between psych medications (due to the required washout period)?
Cross titration
(a full washout will not work for a lot of patients)
If an individual has a list of specific worries, then what does this say about their anxiety?
It is likely specific social worries and not generalized anxiety disorder;
if they had episodic, sudden-onset bouts in particular situations, this would sound more like panic disorder
Which is more likely to progress to schizophrenia, schizoid disorder or schizotypal disorder?
Schizotypal disorder
True/False.
Antisocial personality disorder is almost always preceeded by conduct disorder.
True.
What is here described: an individual shows many attempts to engage with people due to her fear of abandonment. She is not avoidant and has a need for closeness; however, she ends up self-sabotaging her relationships because she cannot tolerate vulnerability.
Borderline personality disorder
A patient presents with mood symptoms and then becomes increasingly paranoid.
Is this schizoaffective disorder?
No, schizoaffective will present with psychosis FIRST
Where is GABA synthesized?
What is the rate-limiting enzyme?
The nucleus accumbens
Glutamate decarboxylase
Where is norepinephrine synthesized in the CNS?
What is the rate-limiting enzyme?
The locus coeruleus (pons)
Tyrosine hydroxylase
Where is serotonin synthesized?
What is the rate-limiting enzyme?
The raphe nucleus (medulla)
Tryptophan hydroxylase
For less than one month following an acute stressor, a patient presents with feelings of fear, hopelessness, and horror when reflecting on the event.
What is the diagnosis?
Acute stress disorder
For greater than one month following an acute stressor, a patient presents with feelings of fear, hopelessness, and horror when reflecting on the event.
What is the diagnosis?
PTSD
How is acute stress disorder managed?
CBT
How is PTSD managed?
CBT, SSRIs, venlafaxine, prazosin
What is here described?
Emotional S/Sy (depression/anxiety) that occur within 3 months of an identifiable psychosocial stressor (divorce, illness, flood) lasting < 6 months once the stressor has ended.
Adjustment disorder
(if S/Sy persist past 6 months, it is GAD.)
How is adjustment disorder managed?
CBT, SSRIs
GAD follows at least a ____-month timeframe.
GAD follows at least a 6 -month timeframe.
While adults need ____ presenting S/Sy to be diagnosed with GAD, children need only ____.
While adults need three presenting S/Sy to be diagnosed with GAD, children need only one.
What are the first-line treatments for GAD?
CBT, SSRIs, SNRIs
(Buspirone and benzos are second-line.)
Panic attacks involve ≥ ___ of the S/Sy of a panic attack plus at least ____ month of fear of future attacks, worry of the ramifications, or behavioral changes related to the attacks.
Panic attacks involve ≥ 4** of the S/Sy of a panic attack plus at least **1 month of fear of future attacks, worry of the ramifications, or behavioral changes related to the attacks.
How is panic disorder treated?
CBT, SSRIs, venlafaxine
(Benzos are second-line.)
For diagnosis, phobia disorders must last longer than _____ months.
For diagnosis, phobia disorders must last longer than 6 months.
Are there any disqualifiers to a diagnosis of an anxiety disorder in a patient?
Yes: another mental disorder, delirium, intoxication
(If pt has any of these, they do not have an anxiety disorder.)
True/False.
One can have a substance-induced anxiety disorder/
True.
