BMB 1 - Cranial Nerve Nuclei & Tracts; Cranial Nerve Clinical Examination Flashcards
Identify the respective organs in which each of the following cranial nuclei can be found:
III
IV
Midbrain
Midbrain
Identify the respective organs in which each of the following cranial nuclei can be found:
V
VI
Pons
Pons
Identify the respective organs in which each of the following cranial nuclei can be found:
VII
VIII
Pons
Medulla
Identify the respective organs in which each of the following cranial nuclei can be found:
IX
X
XII
Medulla
Medulla
Medulla
Which (if any) cranial nerve nuclei are found in the superior colliculus of the midbrain?
(1) Edinger-westphal
(2) Oculomotor
Which (if any) cranial nerve nuclei are found in the inferior colliculus of the midbrain?
Trochlear
____________ _______ refers to the ability to simultaneously move both eyes to point in the same direction.
Conjugate gaze refers to the ability to simultaneously move both eyes to point in the same direction.
Which cranial nerves are connected via the medial longitutinal fasciculus?
III, IV, andVI
The _______ _______ consolidates sensory information about taste from VII, IX, and X.
The solitary nucleus consolidates sensory information about taste from VII, IX, and X.
The solitary nucleus consolidates sensory information about what sense?
Taste
The oculomotor nucleus is found in the _______ colliculus.
The Edinger-Westphal nucleus is found in the _______ colliculus.
The trochlear nucleus is found in the _______ colliculus.
The oculomotor nucleus is found in the superior colliculus.
The Edinger-Westphal nucleus is found in the superior colliculus.
The trochlear nucleus is found in the inferior colliculus.
The nuclei associated with cranial nerve V are all at least partially located within which single organ?
The pons
(the mesencephalic nucleus extends up into the midbrain;
the spinal nucleus extends down into the medulla))
Name the four cranial nuclei associated with cranial nerve V (from rostral to caudal).
(1) Mesencephalic
(2) Motor
(3) Main sensory
(4) Spinal
Which cranial nucleus is responsible for mastication?
Motor nucleus
(CN V)
Which cranial nucleus receives information about discriminative sensation and light touch of the face?
Main sensory nucleus
(CN V)
Which cranial nucleus receives information about pain and temperature from the ipsilateral face?
Spinal nucleus
(CN V)
The spinal nucleus receives information from which cranial nerves?
V, VII, IX, and X
Cranial nerves VII, IX, and X bring sensory information to the spinal nucleus regarding what structure(s)?
The ear
Identify the function of the following cranial nuclei:
Abducens nuclei
Facial nuclei
Lateral rectus innervation
Facial musculature innervation
Which two cranial nuclei are found at the pontomedullary junction?
Cochlear and vestibular
(both CN VIII)
If a patient has ipsilateral facial nerve palsy and abducens palsy, there is likely a lesion in what organ?
The pons
likely a small lesion of the facial colliculus (where the abducens nucleus is covered by facial nerve fibers)
Name three cranial nerve nuclei found in the medulla oblongata.
Nucleus ambiguus (CN IX and X)
Inferior salivatory nucleus (IX)
Dorsal motor nucleus (CN X)
Which cranial nucleus receives input from cranial nerves IX and X and is involved in coordinating deglutition?
Nucleus ambiguus
Which cranial nerve nucleus is in charge of parasympathetic innervation of the heart, lungs, and GI tract?
The dorsal motor nucleus (CN X)
The superior salivary nucleus (CN ___) is found in the _____.
The superior salivary nucleus (CN VII) is found in the pons.
The inferior salivary nucleus (CN ___) is found in the _____.
The inferior salivary nucleus (CN IX) is found in the medulla.
What is the role of the superior salivary nucleus (CN VII)?
Preganglionic parasympathetic innervation for salivary and lacrimal glands
What is the role of the inferior salivary nucleus (CN IX)?
Innervation of the parotid salivary gland and preganglionic parasympathetic innervation of otic ganglion
List the general functions of the following nuclei in their connection with CN V:
Principal sensory nucleus
Spinal nucleus
Motor nucleus
Principal sensory nucleus - discriminatory sensation of the face
Spinal nucleus - pain and temperature in the ipsilateral face
Motor nucleus - mastication
List four nuclei associated with CN VII.
Mnemonic: SSSSF
Spinal nucleus
Solitary nucleus
Superior salivary nucleus
Facial nucleus
Sensory information of the pinna is routed to the ______ nucleus (CN ____).
Sensory information of the pinna is routed to the spinal nucleus (CN VII).
The CN IX portion of the nucleus ambiguus controls which muscle(s)?
The CN X portion of the nucleus ambiguus controls which muscle(s)?
Stylopharyngeus
Pharynx and larynx
Which cranial nerves carry information to the spinal nucleus of V regarding crude touch, pain and temperature for the face and ear?
V (face), VII (pinna), IX (ear), and X (ear)
Which cranial nerve nucleus is associated with posture, balance, and conjugate eye movements?
Vestibular nucleus (CN VIII)
CN III carries parasympathetic innervation of which two muscles?
(1) Sphincter pupillae
(2) Ciliary body
CN XII receives its input from which cranial nucleus in order to control the musculature of the tongue?
The hypoglossal nucleus
Complete decussation only occurs in which cranial nerve(s)?
CN IV only
(partial in II, VII, and XII)
How do you assess CN I function?
Smell test
(one nostril at a time)
How do you assess CN II function?
(4)
1. Visual field test (finger to 3 test)
2. Visual acuity test (20/20)
3. Red desaturation test (for optic neuritis)
4. Autonomic test (pupillary light reflex)
What test can be used for assessing CN III, IV, and VI?
Extraocular motor (EOM) test
(H-test)
How do you assess CN V function?
(3)
1. Facial sensation test
2. Mastication symmetry
3. Jaw jerk reflex
How do you assess CN VII function?
(3)
1. Closing eyes and mouth tight
2. Salivation/lacrimation
3. Anterior tongue taste test
What portion of the face is innervated bilaterally by the cortex?
The upper face
How do you assess CN VIII function?
(2)
1. Hearing tests (Rhinne and Weber)
2. Cold water in-ear test
How do you assess CN IX function?
(2)
1. Gag reflex
2. Posterior tongue taste test
How do you assess CN X function?
(2)
1. Uvula deviation test
2. Hoarseness/gag reflex
If CN X is lesioned, what is the likely ANS result?
Loss of parasympathetics
How do you assess CN XI function?
Deficits in SCM and trapezius
How do you assess CN XII function?
Tongue deviates towards lesioned side
