BMB 1 - The Basal Nuclei (Basal Ganglia); the Thalamus Flashcards
Name some of the major portions of the basal ganglia.
Caudate nucleus
Putamen
Globus pallidus
What term refers collectively to the putamen and globus pallidus?
The lentiform nucleus
The basal ganglia mostly performs what actions?
Subconscious initiation of movement
+
gross movement control
The basal ganglia striatum refers to what (dorsal and ventral components)?
Dorsal Striatum: Caudate nucleus + putamen
Ventral Striatum: Nucleus accumbens + olfactory tubercle
Main input to the basal ganglia comes via what basal ganglia structures?
Caudate Nucleus
Putamen
Main ouput from the basal ganglia exits via what basal ganglia structures?
Globus pallidum
Substantia nigra
The thalamus typically __________ (inhibits/excites/or both) the cortex.
The striatum typically __________ (inhibits/excites/or both) the cortex.
The thalamus typically excites the cortex.
The striatum typically both inhibits or excites the cortex.
Which basal ganglia pathway promotes movement?
Which basal ganglia pathway inhibits movement?
Direct
Indirect
Describe the location of the basal ganglia relative to the thalamus.
All the senses go through the thalamus except which?
Olfaction
What lies between the thalami?
What connects the thalami?
The 3rd ventricle
the massa intermedia
The medial and lateral geniculate nuclei are part of what organ?
The thalamus
Do thalamic lesions present with motor or sensory deficits?
Can be either!
Thalamic lesions cause _____lateral findings.
Thalamic lesions cause contralateral findings.
Which layers of the thalamic lateral geniculate nucleus control contralateral eye movement?
And ipsilateral?
1, 4, 6
2, 3, 5
Which portions of the thalamus relay motor information?
Ventral anterior
Ventral lateral
The _______ thalamic nucleus receives input from the mamillary bodies.
The anterior thalamic nucleus receives input from the mamillary bodies.
Which arteries supply the thalamus?
Posterior communicating
Posterior cerebral
Anterior choroidal
Name some of the conditions that can be treated via stimulation of parts of the thalamus.
OCD, Tourette’s, epilepsy, tremor, pain
