Blood Lecture 1 / Ch 6 White blood cells Flashcards

1
Q

Leukocytes

A

• Identify and attack foreign

material (Antigens)

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2
Q

All WBC originate from ?

A

stem Cells in Hematopoietic bone marrow

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3
Q

Most WBC circulate within?

A

vascular and lymphatic systems

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4
Q

Number of WBC

A

4,500 - 11,000 WBC / μL

higher at birth

15,000-25,000

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5
Q

Leukocytosis

A

increased WBC count

  • classic sign of infection
  • sign of leukemia
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6
Q

Leukopenia

A

decreased WBC count
4,500 WBC / μL

– Caused by decreased production (chemo or
radiation therapy)
or increased destruction
(hypersplenism)

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7
Q

Types of WBC

A
  • Granulocytes
  • Monocytes AKA: Macrophage
  • Lymphocytes
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8
Q

Granulocytes

A
  • Neutrophils
  • Eosinophils
  • Basophils
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9
Q

Monocytes

A
  • Released from the bone marrow
  • Removes dead and damaged cells.
  • becomes Macrophage or Histocyte
  • Monocyte Exists 1-2 days in circulation
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10
Q

Lymphocytes

A

T cells and B cells

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11
Q

Chemotaxis

A

WBC respond to chemical stimuli (cytokines) using the concentration of the stimuli
to direct its movement to the site of inflammation

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12
Q

Diapedesis

A

Movement through capillary pores into body tissue

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13
Q

Pluripotential Stem Cell >

A

Myeloid & Lymphoid

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14
Q

Vast quantities of _____ _____ reside in the bone marrow as a reserve

A

immature granulcytes

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15
Q

Contain numerous granules in their cytoplasm which contain digestive enzymes.

A

Granulocytes

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16
Q

4 facts of Neutrophils

A
  • Polymorphonuclear leukocytes
  • Contain multi-lobed nuclei
  • Most abundant WBC
  • Ineffective against foreign protein toxins
17
Q

2 Neutrophils Function

A
  • primary phagocytic cell
  • sensitive to chemical
    attractants
18
Q

Neutrophils Life Span

A
  • 10-12 hours in vascular space

- 5-6 days in tissue

19
Q

Neutrophils Location

A
  • 50% in circulation
  • 50% marginate (adhere to
    endothelium) many in the
    lungs
20
Q

Neutrophils Bands = immature neutrophils in circulation.

Believed to be classic sign of what?

A

infection (“shift to the left”)

21
Q

Neutrophils in premature

infants are?

A

Immature and make them more suceptible to bacterial and fungal infections.

22
Q

Neutrophilia

A

increased number of

neutrophils

23
Q

Neutropenia

A

decreased number of

neutrophils

24
Q

Eosinophils

A

Attack foreign proteins, parasites and function in allergic reactions

25
Q

Eosinophils are Weakly phagocytic, they release what ?

A

Major Basic Protein (MBP) which lyses membranes

26
Q

Eosinophils mature in bone marrow -> they

circulate in the vascular space, then they move to tissue space. What is their total life span?

A

12-24 hrs

27
Q

Basophils

A

Mast Cells or Tissue Basophils when found in tissue.

  • involved in allergic, anaphylactic & chemotaxis reactions
  • Attach to antigen and spew out loads of anaphylatoxins.
    (Histamine & Heparin)
28
Q

What organism stays until all antigen is destroyed?

A

Monocytes, they make up the Reticuloendothelial System (RES).

29
Q

Name the macrophages found In the liver?

A

kupfer cells

30
Q

Name the macrophages found In the lungs?

A

alveolar Macrophages

31
Q

Name the macrophages found In the brain?

A

microglial cells

32
Q

Name the macrophages found In the bone marrow?

A

dendritic cells

33
Q

Name the macrophages from the GI tract found In the peyers patches?

A

Peritoneal macrophages

34
Q

Antigen Presenting Cells (APC)

A
Ingest antigen and present its
surface molocules to antibody producing cells to provide long
term immunity (memory of specific antigens)
35
Q

A white cell count in which bands are detected is called what ?

A

Shift to the left

36
Q

Dead Neutrofils =

A

pus