Blood Lecture 1 / Ch 1 The concept of blood Flashcards
Wha are the 3 Functions of Blood ?
- Transportation: Delivery of Oxygen, Hormones, Nutrients, and Minerals. Removal of waste products - Hemostasis - Primary carrier of immunity
The average adults Total Blood Volume?
4-6 L which accounts for 7% of TBW.
Blood is composed of ?
– Plasma = 55%
– Formed Elements = 45%
Plasma is clear straw colored, viscous, and composed of
- 90% water
* 10% solids
Formed Elements found in blood account for 45% of the composition of blood, what are they?
- RBC (Erythrocytes)
- WBC (Leukocytes)
- Platelets (Thrombocytes)
Organelles within the cell?
- Nucleus
- Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
- Mitochondria
- Golgi Complex
- Ribosomes
Formed elements of the blood are cells with a very specific function. What are the elements that do NOT contain a nucleus?
• RBC and Platelets
Formed elements of the blood are cells with a very specific function. What are the elements that DO contain a nucleus?
• WBC
WBC depends upon ___ ___ to performits specialized function
protein synthesis
Blood Cell Production in the 3rd WEEK begins in ?
Yolk sac
Blood Cell Production in the 3rd MONTH begins in ?
Liver
Spleen
Thymus
Blood Cell Production in the 4th MONTH begins in ?
Bone Marrow
The production of mature blood cells from primitive cells in the bone marrow called?
Stem Cells
Hormonally controlledHematopoietic Growth Factors are also know as ?
cytokines
How many cells are produced daily?
1 Trillion
During Regulation of Hematopoiesis, Multipotent stem cells are influenced by cytokines and growth factors to differentiate into ?
Unipotential cells which ultimately becomemature blood cells
During Regulation of Hematopoiesis, Hormonal influence is exerted by?
– Cytokines (IL-#)
– Growth Factors (Il-#, CSF, EPO, Thrombopoietins)
– Vitamins, metals amino acids
Erythrocytes
- Released from bone marrow fully mature
- Cary Oxygen and CO2
- No Nucleus - No Cell division
A nucleated RBC would indicate what ?
extramedullary hematopoiesis
Erythropoiesis
Production of red blood cells by bone marrow
Decreased blood oxygen concentration detected by the kidneys would release what ?
Erythropoietin (EPO) is released from the kidney’s peritubular cells > Stimulates stem cells in the bone marrow to produce red cells
RBC Shape
Biconcave Disk– 7μ x 2μ
• Shape provides maximum surface area for maximum gas transfer.
• Flexible
• Traverse capillaries in Rouleaux Formation (single file)
RBC Life Span
120 days once the mature cell is releasedinto circulation
Reticulocytes
(immature RBC) found incirculation after blood loss
RBCs rupture when they die– Pieces are removed by macrophages in
the liver and spleen
RBC particles are called
“ghosts” or “cellstroma”
RBC quantity
4-6 Million RBC / μL