Blood Groups (After exam 1) Flashcards

1
Q

Describe reaction grades

A

0
W+ (weak)
H (hemolysis)
1+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

RBC ags Attributes
how many groups recognized by ISBT
unique?
common features?

A

36 groups recognized by blood bank society
>250 unique rbc ags
Ab/Ag in the blood group share common features

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

RBC Ags chemically

trasnferases attach….

sequence

A

intrinsic or extrinsic

transferases attaches oligosaccharide to glycoproteins (ABO, Lewis, P)

amino acid sequence of glycoproteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What chromosome are Rh genes on?

A

Chromosome 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Intrinsic

A

passes through cellular membrane (ex Rhag/Rh)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Extrinsic example

A

ABO outside of cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Blood group
ag is expression is controlled by….

A

Ag expression is controlled by single locus gene or closely linked homologous genes w/ little to no recombination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Alleles
snp

A

SNPs single nucleotide polymorph altern form of gene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Ag

requirements

A

phenotypes expression of allels that are significantly different

1.) must be inheritable/sequenced
antithetical
co-dominent
2.) must be expressed on cell surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Systems
same…

A

same genetic locus and related glycoprotein placement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Collections

A

sero/bio/chemically related Ag that do not fit the definition of system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

700 series

A

low incidence Ag w/an incidence less than 1% and cannot be included in system
rare in population

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

901 series

A

high incidence ag w incidence greater than 90% cannot be included in system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Null

A

absence of Ag expression
due to silencer or amorph

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Usual suspects

A

have variable frequency, can cause severe problems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Naming Ags
Genes
Ag
Alleles

A

Genes - italics or underlined
Ag - numbers or letters superscript
Alleles-ISBT terminology gene included with * and ISBT #

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Phenotype

A

how a person serologically presents ag (not collections) regardless of genetics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Kell Sytem
antetheicals

single mutation….

only?

A

second most immunogenic
K and k antethetical
Jsa -Jsb
kpa -kpb

single mutation of KEL (big K) on chrom 7 separate anthethetical ag inherited as glycoprotein

only high/low incidence

19
Q

What is big K called in Kell and Little k called?

A

K = Kell
little k = cellano

20
Q

mother group of Kell system

A

little k/Kpb/Jsb

21
Q

K ag

A

2nd most immunogenic next to D ag

22
Q

Kpa ag

A

supresses other Ag in expression in haplotype

23
Q

Jsa Ag

A

prevelance is unique to african population

24
Q

XK

A

like rhag, holds onto KEL,
x linked

25
Q

What does DTT chemical disrupt?

A

disrupts cystine bonds that hold the ag

26
Q

What does Kell cause
disease
what kind of glycoprotein?what does it do?

null ?
What syndrome?

enhanced with?

A

severe hemolytic disease
kell glycoprotein is a single pass transmembrane protein in rbc

Null for kell is acanthocytes
MCLEOD SYNDROME - CGD

enhanced with ficin and papain

27
Q

Kell Ab
immunoglobulin
compliment relationship
AHG phase?
Rxns?

A

IgG
no compliment doesnt cause hemolysis
AHG no detection
severe hemolytic rxns

28
Q

Anti- K

Anti-Ku

Anti-Kx+ km

A

an- K: most common Ab seen in Blood bank

An-Ku: detects all ag in Kell system

An-Kx+: Km rxn stronger w Ko weaker w normal kell

29
Q

Kidd system
notorious for….

rxns?

ag?

A

Ab are notorious for extreme dosage and quick titer in vivo

delayed hemolytic transfusion rxns

Jka Jkb

30
Q

Kidd system compliment and immunoglobulin
ag developed as early as?

A

binds to compliment - extravascular hemolyiss

IgG immune stimulated

Ag developed as early as 7 (jkb) - 11 (jka) weak gestation/ not destroyed by most treatments

31
Q

Where is Kidd expressed

A

expressed on rbc, endothelial surface of kidney, NOT on other blood cells

32
Q

Kidd ag frequencies and chromosomes

A

Jk3 high frequency with jka/jkb

jk null silent alleles

Chrom 18 multipass - HUT11

33
Q

Special feature of Jk null (kidd system)

A

resistent rbc to 2m urea lysis

34
Q

Duffy system
protection from?
glycoprotein? location? acronym?
begins to form around?
what organs affected?

A

protection from malaria vivax

intrinsic membrane glyco - ACKRI
begins to form at 6wk
on organs like brain,colon,spleen

Fya Fyb

35
Q

Duffy system special feature

A

destroyed by common enzymes

36
Q

Duffy chromosome

A

1

37
Q

Duffy null
common in what population
independently….”
point maturation on?

no?

A

common in west africans inherited independently “syntenic”
point maturation GATA-1 on rbc ONLY

no anti-fyb made

38
Q

Duffy Ab
immunoglobulin?
compliment?
complications?
rxns?

A

IgG
rare compliment binding
dosage complicated due to unknown serology of black donors
transfusion rxn/HDN

39
Q

T/F P. falciparum can infect duffy people

A

true, it can make it through the cell

40
Q

Lutheran group
two proteins

immuno?
chromosome?

Lu gene linked with?

development w birth?

High incidence ag?

A

two proteins one gene
lua lub

not immunogenic
Chrom 19
Lu gene linked to H and Lewis

poor develop at birth

Lub high incidence

41
Q

Lutheran special features

A

resistant to enzyme treatment but NOT DTT

BCAM basal adhesion molecule

42
Q

Lutheran null phenotype

A

dominannt inherited suppresor LU3-

43
Q

Lutheran Ab
common?
Lua - ig
characteristics?

Lub - ig
characteristics?

A

rare
anti-lua characterisic mixed field
IgM not great at compliment

anti-lub
IgG post transfusion jaundice
variable rxn