Blood and immune: cellular immunity and histocompatibility

Question 1

two types of T lymphocytes

Answer 1

CD4+ - cytotoxic
CD8+ - helper (recognises antigens and creates cytokines)

Question 2

role of thymus

Answer 2

primary lymphoid organ
matures lymphocytes
educates lymphocytes to recognises self MHC molecules

Question 3

t cell receptor

Question 4

CD4

Answer 4

helper t cells recognise antigens in MHC class 2
recognise antigen from outside of the cell

Question 5

CD8

Answer 5

cytotoxic T cels that recognise antigens in MHC class 1
identify antigens from inside the cell

Question 6

MHC restriction

Answer 6

MHC is the genetic locus that regulates histocompatibility
HLA - human leukocyte antigens (6 molecules expressed on human cells)
when immune sytem finds MHC that is not yours, it rejects it

Question 7

MHC polymorphism

Answer 7

MHC amino acids sequences vary greatly the population. every immune response is different except for identical twin
means
1. tissue transplant is difficukt because donors MHC is seen as non-self and so is rejected by t cells
2. some polymorphisms are strongly linked to autoimmune diseases because MHC regulate immune response and immune response causes autoimmune diseases

Question 8

CTL

Answer 8

cytotoxic T Cells react to your own cells when there is a change in MHC (antigen inside the cell). kill infected cell before too many virus is created