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Blood Flashcards

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1
Q

Average volume of blood in an adult male (L)?

A

5L

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2
Q

What are the 6 functions of blood?

A
  • Carriage of active compounds such as hormones, nutrients etc.
  • Clotting
  • Defence
  • Thermoregulation
  • Carriage of gas
  • Maintains pH of ECF
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3
Q

What percentage of plasma is water?

A

95%

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4
Q

What are the three main plasma proteins?

A
  • Albumin
  • Globulins
  • Fibrinogen and clotting factors
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5
Q

What is the function of albumin?

A
  • Transport of lipids and steroids

- Helps create colloid oncotic pressure

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6
Q

Whats the function of globulins?

A
  • Alpha beta transport lipids of vitamins

- Gamma globulins are antibodies

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7
Q

What is oncotic pressure?

A
  • Plasma proteins can’t cross capillary wall

- This creates osmotic potential

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8
Q

When water moves from the ISF to the plasma what comes with it?

A
  • Nutrients and chemicals
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9
Q

What is the life span of erythrocytes?

A

120 days

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10
Q

What is erythropoiesis?

A

The differentiation of pluripotent stem cells into erythroblasts

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11
Q

What protein speeds up erythropoiesis?

A

Erythropoietin

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12
Q

What cells secrete erythropoietin?

A
  • Peritubular capillary cells in kidneys

- Hepatocytes

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13
Q

What increases the secretion of erythropoietin?

A

Lack of oxygen

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14
Q

What are the 5 main types of white blood cells?

A
  • Neutrophils
  • Eisonophils
  • Moncytes
  • Basophils
  • Lymphocytes
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15
Q

What is the most common white blood cell?

A

Neutrophils

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16
Q

What is the mode of action of neutrophils?

A
  • Phagocytic

- Can trap bacteria in nets

17
Q

What type of infection is mainly dealt with by neutrophils?

A

Bacterial

18
Q

What is the function of eosinophils?

A

Attack larger pathogens such as parasites

19
Q

What is the function of basophils?

A
  • Release histamine and heparin

- Promote inflammation

20
Q

What is the function of monocytes?

A
  • 72 hour lifespan in circulation

- Travel to tissues to become macrophages (phagocytic)

21
Q

When are lymphocytes used in the immune response and what are the two lymphocytes?

A
  • Mainly in adaptive immune system

- T and B cell

22
Q

What is leukopoiesis controlled by?

A
  • Growth stimulating factors

- Interleukins

23
Q

What is the function of platelets?

A
  • Adhering to damaged capillary walls to allow clotting
24
Q

Where do platelets come from?

A

Membrane fragments of megakaryocytes

25
Q

What is hematocrit?

A

% of blood that is erythrocytes

26
Q

What can change hematocrit and therefore viscosity?

A
  • Altitude
  • Temperature
  • Hypoxic conditions

Rest of Science for Med (22 decks)

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