BLOOD Flashcards
- a specialized connective tissue
- Plays an important role in maintaining homeostasis in a living organism
- Red color of arterial blood is due to oxygenated hemoglobin (Hgb)
BLOOD (MYELOID)
Physical Properties:
* Average adult = _______of total body wt.
* Male = _______Liters
* Female = _______ liters
7-9 %
5 - 6
4 - 5
Functions of Blood
- Transport
- Protection
- Regulation
➢ Oxygen from lungs to body tissues
- Transport
➢ can clot preventing excessive loss of blood
- Protection
Composition of Plasma:
o Water
o Plasma Proteins:
o Serum:
o Plasma Electrolytes:
o Nutrients and Waste Products:
o Gases and Buffers:
➢ platelets maintain homeostasis
➢ controls ph acid base balance
➢ albumin osmotic pressure helps retain water
➢ help dissipate heat to the environment
- Regulation
(55% of blood composition)
➢ The liquid portion of blood, primarily responsible for transporting nutrients, hormones, and waste products.
- Plasma
(90%): Acts as a solvent for dissolving and
transporting substances.
Water
Plasma Proteins:
- Albumin
- Globulins
- Fibrinogen
Helps retain water within blood vessels to
maintain blood volume and pressure, functioning like a “magnet” for water.
Albumin
Serve as carrier molecules for lipid
transport and fat-soluble vitamins; also function as antibodies (immunoglobulins) for immune defense.
Globulins
Essential for blood clotting.
Fibrinogen
Plasma without fibrinogen and other clotting proteins.
Serum
Plasma Electrolytes:
Cations
Anions
Positively charged ions such as Na⁺
(sodium), K⁺ (potassium), Ca²⁺ (calcium), and Mg²⁺ (magnesium).
Cations
Negatively charged ions, including chloride,
phosphate, and iodide.
Anions
Nutrients and Waste Products:
Nutrients
Metabolic Wastes
Glucose, amino acids, phospholipids,
triglycerides, free fatty acids, cholesterol.
Nutrients
Lactic acid, nitrogenous wastes
(e.g., urea).
Metabolic Wastes
Oxygen (O₂), nitrogen (N₂), and carbon dioxide (CO₂) are dissolved in plasma.
Gases and Buffers
Erythrocytes: Primary function is to transport oxygen throughout the body.
Red Blood Cells (RBCs)
Leukocytes: Play a crucial role in the immune system to defend against infections and foreign substances.
White Blood Cells (WBCs)
Thrombocytes: Fragments of cells that help in
blood clotting and wound repair.
Platelets
Blood Volume: Blood comprises about ____ of total body weight.
8%
Plasma: _____ of blood volume, with 7% being proteins, 91% water, and 2% other solutes.
55%
250,000–400,000 per µL
▪ Platelets
5,000–9,000 per µL
White Blood Cells:
NEVER BACK DOWN NEVER WHAT!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!????????????????
NEVER GIVE UP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
4.2–6.2 million per µL
Red Blood Cells:
