Block 4 Flashcards
Flucloxacillin
Beta lactams - Penicillins
Bactericidal – cell lysis by blocking cell wall synthesis
benzylpenicillin
Beta lactams - Penicillins
Bactericidal – cell lysis by blocking cell wall synthesis
amoxicillin/co-amoxiclav
Beta lactams - Penicillins
Bactericidal – cell lysis by blocking cell wall synthesis
Meropenem
Beta lactams - Carbapenems
Bactericidal – cell lysis by blocking cell wall synthesis
Ceftriaxone
Cephalosporins
Bactericidal – cell lysis by blocking cell wall synthesis
Ciprofloxacin
Fluoroquinolones
Bacteriostatic – inhibition of bacterial DNA coiling
Clindamycin
Lincosamides
Bacteriostatic – inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis
Erythromycin
Macrolides
Bacteriostatic – inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis
Metronidazole
Nitroimidazoles
Bacteriostatic – inhibition of bacterial DNA synthesis
Tetracycline
Tetracyclines
Bacteriostatic – inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis
Doxycycline
Tetracyclines
Bacteriostatic – inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis
Methotrexate
(DMARDs) Anti-proliferative agents (against folate activity)
Reduces lymphocyte proliferation
Azathioprine
(DMARDs) Anti-proliferative agents (against purine synthesis)
Reduces lymphocyte proliferation
Sulphasalazine
(DMARDs) Immunosupressive agents
Immunosuppressive mechanism unclear
Penicillamine
(DMARDs) Immunosupressive agents
Immunosuppressive mechanism unclear
Infliximab
(DMARDs) Biologics (monoclonal antibodies)
Bind and block proinflammatory function of TNF-alpha (infliximab)
Rituximab
(DMARDs) Biologics (monoclonal antibodies)
Depletion of B cells (rituximab)
Drugs used in the management of hypercalcaemia
Fluids (normal saline), furosemide (loop diuretic) - to increase renal excretion
calcitonin, alendronic acid (bisphosphonates) - Inhibition of release of calcium from bone
Drugs used in the management of hypocalcaemia
IV calcium gluconate, vitamin D
Restoration of calcium levels and retention
Drugs used in the management of vitamin D deficiency
Vitamin D (colecalciferol often spelt cholecalciferol), calcitriol (1,25dihydroxyvitamin D; usually only used in cases of advanced chronic kidney disease)
Drugs used in the management of osteoporosis
Alendronic acid (bisphosphonates), raloxifene, (selective oestrogen receptor modulator; SERM), parathyroid hormone, denosumab (monoclonal antibody), vitamin D
Inhibition of release of calcium from bone, inhibition of osteoclast activity
