Anti-neoplastic drugs Flashcards
Classical alkylating agents
Cyclophosphamide
MoA - DNA crosslinking
Indications - Broad spectrum of malignancies
Adverse effects - Hair loss, bone marrow suppression, nausea
Taxanes
Paclitaxel, docetaxel
MoA - Disruption of microtubule function in mitotic spindles
Indications - Broad spectrum of malignancies
Adverse effects - Hair loss, bone marrow suppression, nausea
Antifolates
Methotrexate
MoA - Inhibition of dihydrofolate reductase and DNA synthesis
Indications - Broad spectrum of malignancies
Antipyrimidines
Fluorouracil, cytarabine
MoA - Inhibition of RNA and DNA synthesis
Indications - Broad spectrum of malignancies
Adverse effects - Hair loss, bone marrow suppression, nausea
Antipurines
Mercaptopurine, thioguanine
MoA - Inhibition of RNA and DNA synthesis
Indications - Broad spectrum of malignancies
Adverse effects - Hair loss, bone marrow suppression, nausea
Trastuzumab
Antineoplastic monoclonal antibodies
MoA - Targeting of cells overexpressing Human Epidermal Growth Factor
Indications - Early breast cancer
Adverse effects - Fever, chills
Rituximab
Antineoplastic monoclonal antibodies
MoA - Targeted destruction of CD20+ B cells
Indications - Follicular lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, Melanoma
Adverse effects - Fever, chills
Nivolumab
Antineoplastic monoclonal antibodies
MoA - Stimulation of anti-tumour responses via blocking PD-1
Indications - Follicular lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, Melanoma
Adverse effects - Fever, chills
Immunomodulator
Lenolidamide
MoA - Stimulation of T cell responses
Indications - Myeloma
Adverse effects - Foetal risk
Selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM)
Tamoxifen
MoA - Inhibition of oestrogen receptor function and cell proliferation in breast
Indication - Breast cancer
Lutenising hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) receptor agonist
Goserelin
MoA - Synthetic analogue of LHRH. Activates LHRH receptor function leading to sustained reduction in testosterone
Indication - Prostate cancer
