black consciousness Flashcards
objectives of apartheid
white political supremacy
white economic prosperity
what was the prototype of black consciousness
africanist traditions and the PAC
what did black consciousness take from the BPM of the 60s
inspiration of black assertiveness and separate black policies
how did the youth revolt in the US +Europe in the 60s affect black consciousness
it gave further encouragement as international criticism of apartheid grew
who first coined the term black consciousness, what did he mean
African American civil rights activist William du Bois
spoke to how AAs need to take pride in their blackness, and their double consciousness corroded their sense of identity (conflict of being american + african, assimilation + blackness)
how does the american “double consciousness “ relate to SA
black people made foreigners in their own country
pressure to fit mould created by apartheid state
pan africanism
socio-political + cultural movement which emerged at the beginning of the 20th century that advocates for unity and solidarity of all of African descent in an attempt to combat colonialism, racism + inequality
goal of pan africanism
to promote african identity, self determination + social and economic progress for african nations, including the diaspora, as well as call for independence from empires and white minority governments
theory black consciousness is built off of
-due to white peoples derogatory descriptions of African culture (savage,dark,barbaric) black people are ashamed of their skin colour
- The denigration of black african culture creates a sense of inferiority in black south africans making them incapable of action/revolt
-the political revolution had to be preceded by a revolution in how black people viewed their blackness -steve b
aims of black consciousness
-raising dignity, self respect and confidence in black people
- a cultural transformation promoting pride in black history +identity
-creating programmes to overcome passivity
-non-dependency on white people
promoting unity amongst black people by mobilising them to fight against the divisions created by apartheid
what society did biko believe in
socialist,marxist, raceless classless egalitarian society
where + when did black consciousness begin
black students in 1960s from bush colleges began to organise resistance against apartheid and reject the paternalistic attitude of white liberals
Stephen Bantu Biko
mission educated medical student from university of natal
driving force of black consciousness in SA
NUSAS
national union of south african students
multi racial political student group
why did steve not want to work w white liberals
felt black people needed to learn to speak for themselves, white peope could not play role in liberation
