Bipolar Disorders

Question 1

Mania

Answer 1

State of intense elation or irritability, along with activation and other symptoms shown in diagnostics

Question 2

Bipolar I disorder

Answer 2

1 manic episode is sufficient. Prev: 0,6-1%

Question 3

Bipolar II disorder

Answer 3

At least one lifetime hypomanic episode and one major depressive episode (Milder form). Prev 0.4-2%

Question 4

Cyclothymia

Answer 4

Recurrent mood changes from high to low for at least 2 years, without hypomanic or depressive episodes. Chronic mood disorder. Prev 4%

Question 5

Hypomania

Answer 5

(under) mania, less extreme. Involves a change in functioning that fdoes not cause serious problems.

Question 6

Genetic contribution

Answer 6

MD moderate
Bipolar High
Heritability of MDD 37%. Bipolar is 93%.

Question 7

key brain regions involved in mood disorders

Answer 7

Amygdala ; elevated
Anterior cingulate cortex; elevated
Regions of prefrontal' diminished
Hippocampus; diminished
Stratum; diminished in MD, elevated in mania

Question 8

CAR response (cortisal awakening response)

Answer 8

Longer baseline is related to higher risk of MD. Also elevated in bipolar disorder (though more tied to depression)