Biotechology

Question 1

What is Reverse Transcriptase?

Answer 1

An enzyme that synthesizes cDNA from an mRNA template.

Question 2

What is cDNA?

Answer 2

Complementary DNA made from mRNA, free of introns.

Question 3

What is Hybridization?

Answer 3

The process of DNA or RNA pairing with complementary sequences.

Question 4

What is FISH (Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization)?

Answer 4

A technique using fluorescent probes to detect specific genes in chromosomes.

Question 5

What is PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)?

Answer 5

A method to rapidly replicate DNA using primers and DNA polymerase.

Question 6

What are the steps of PCR?

Answer 6

Includes denaturation, priming, and extension to amplify DNA.

Question 7

What is Recombinant DNA Technology?

Answer 7

A method to transfer genetic material from one organism to another.

Question 8

What are Transgenic Organisms?

Answer 8

Organisms that have foreign DNA inserted into their genome.

Question 9

What is Bioremediation?

Answer 9

Using microorganisms to remove pollutants from the environment.

Question 10

What is Synthetic Biology?

Answer 10

Designing and constructing new biological systems.

Question 11

What is Gene Therapy?

Answer 11

Introducing, removing, or altering genes to treat diseases.

Question 12

What are Sequence Maps?

Answer 12

Charts that show the position of genes on a chromosome.

Question 13

What is Whole Genome Shotgun Sequencing?

Answer 13

A sequencing method that fragments DNA and assembles it computationally.

Question 14

What is High-Throughput Sequencing?

Answer 14

Rapid sequencing of large amounts of DNA simultaneously.

Question 15

What is Genomics?

Answer 15

The study of entire genomes, including gene mapping and sequencing.

Question 16

What is Bioinformatics?

Answer 16

The application of computational tools to analyze genetic data.

Question 17

What does Annotating the Genome involve?

Answer 17

Identifying functional elements within a genome.

Question 18

What is DNA Profiling?

Answer 18

Analyzing genetic markers to identify individuals.

Question 19

What is a Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP)?

Answer 19

A variation in a single DNA nucleotide among individuals.

Question 20

What is a Microarray Assay?

Answer 20

A technique that measures gene expression across many genes at once.

Question 21

What is Proteomics?

Answer 21

The study of the entire set of proteins in a cell or organism.

Question 22

What is CRISPR-Cas9?

Answer 22

A gene-editing technology that allows for precise modifications of DNA sequences.

Question 23

What is biotechnology?

Answer 23

Biotechnology is the use of living organisms or biological systems to develop products and technologies.

Question 24

True or False: Biotechnology only involves genetic engineering.

Answer 24

False

Question 25

Fill in the blank: The branch of biotechnology that focuses on using microorganisms for industrial processes is called __________ biotechnology.

Answer 25

industrial

Question 26

What is genetic engineering?

Answer 26

Genetic engineering is the direct manipulation of an organism's genes using biotechnology.

Question 27

Which of the following is a common application of biotechnology? A) Drug development B) Waste management C) Agriculture D) All of the above

Answer 27

D) All of the above

Question 28

What are recombinant DNA technologies?

Answer 28

Recombinant DNA technologies are methods used to combine DNA from different sources to create new genetic combinations.

Question 29

True or False: CRISPR is a tool used for gene editing.

Answer 29

True

Question 30

What is the primary goal of agricultural biotechnology?

Answer 30

To improve crop yield, resistance to pests, and nutritional value.

Question 31

Fill in the blank: __________ is a technique used in biotechnology to amplify DNA sequences.

Answer 31

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

Question 32

What is biopharmaceuticals?

Answer 32

Biopharmaceuticals are medical drugs produced using biotechnology.

Question 33

Which organism is often used in biotechnology for protein production?

Answer 33

Yeast

Question 34

True or False: Cloning is a form of biotechnology.

Answer 34

True

Question 35

What is bioremediation?

Answer 35

Bioremediation is the use of living organisms to remove or neutralize contaminants from the environment.

Question 36

Fill in the blank: __________ is a process in biotechnology that involves the manipulation of living cells to produce substances.

Answer 36

Cell culture

Question 37

What is the role of enzymes in biotechnology?

Answer 37

Enzymes are used as catalysts to speed up biochemical reactions in various biotechnological applications.

Question 38

Which of the following is NOT a method of genetic engineering? A) Gene cloning B) CRISPR C) Natural selection D) Gene therapy

Answer 38

C) Natural selection

Question 39

What are stem cells?

Answer 39

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells capable of giving rise to various cell types.

Question 40

True or False: All biotechnological products are genetically modified organisms (GMOs).

Answer 40

False

Question 41

What is the purpose of fermentation in biotechnology?

Answer 41

Fermentation is used to convert sugars into acids, gases, or alcohol using microorganisms.

Question 42

Fill in the blank: __________ is a biotechnology application that involves the use of DNA fingerprints for identification.

Answer 42

Forensic biotechnology

Question 43

What is bioinformatics?

Answer 43

Bioinformatics is the application of computer technology to manage biological information.

Question 44

Which regulatory body oversees biotechnology products in the United States?

Answer 44

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

Question 45

True or False: Biotechnology can be used in environmental conservation efforts.

Answer 45

True

Question 46

What is synthetic biology?

Answer 46

Synthetic biology is an interdisciplinary branch of biotechnology that involves designing and constructing new biological parts and systems.

Question 47

Fill in the blank: __________ is the process of modifying an organism’s DNA to achieve desired traits.

Answer 47

Genetic modification

Question 48

What are biosensors?

Answer 48

Biosensors are analytical devices that convert a biological response into an electrical signal.

Question 49

What is the significance of the Human Genome Project?

Answer 49

The Human Genome Project aimed to map all the genes in the human genome, providing insights into genetics and disease.