Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Psychology > Biopsychology > Flashcards

Biopsychology Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards AP® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

what is the purpose of the nervous system

A

to collect, process and respond information and to coordinate the working of organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are the two divides of the nervous system

A

Central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is the central nervous system divided into

A

brain and spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is the peripheral nervous system divided into

A

the autonomic nervous system, the somatic nervous system, the sympathetic nervous system and the para-sympathetic nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the function of the brain

A

center of conscious awareness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is the function of the spinal cord

A

passes messages to and from the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the function of the autonomic nervous system

A

governs function of breathing, heart rate and digestion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the function of the somatic nervous system

A

controls muscle movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is the endocrine system made up of

A

glands and hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the main gland in the body and what is its function

A

the pituitary gland - controls the release of hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

how are hormones transported around the body

A

in the bloodstream

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what are the three types of neuron

A

motor neuron, sensory neuron and relay neuron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the order of the neurons

A

sensory neurons, relay neurons, motor neuron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the role of the pituitary gland

A

to control and stimulate the release of hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what hormone is released from the pineal gland and what is its purpose

A

melatonin - creates biological rhythms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what hormone is released from the adrenal gland and what is its purpose

A

adrenal medulla - stimulates fight or flight response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is the female hormone

A

oestrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is the male hormone

A

testosterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what happens during the fight or flight response

A

the sympathetic nervous system is activated which results in the Arenal medulla hormone to be secreted into the bloodstream

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what does the endocrine system travel through

A

bloodstream

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

define localisation

A

the idea that certain functions have certain locations in the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what does the left hemisphere control

A

the right side of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what does the right hemisphere control

A

the left side of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

which hemisphere are brocas and wernickes area located

A

left

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

where in the brain is the brocas area located

A

frontal lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

where in the brain is the wernickes area located

A

temporal lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

what is the role of the occipital lobe

A

2x visual cortex - processes visual information

28
Q

what is the role of the temporal lobe

A

2x auditive cortex - processes sounds

29
Q

what is the role of the frontal lobe

A

decision making

30
Q

what is the role of the parietal lobe

A

sense

31
Q

what is the role of the wernickes area

A

language processing and comprehension

32
Q

what is wernickes aphasia

A

where you produce sentences fluently but they have no meaning

33
Q

what is the role of the brocas area

A

speech production

34
Q

what is brocas aphasia

A

slow and inarticulate speech

35
Q

where is the motor cortex located and what is its function

A

located in the frontal lobe of both hemispheres and controls involuntary movements

36
Q

evaluation of localisation

A
  1. STRENGTH: phones gage - able to walk and talk after being shot, resulted in a change of personality
  2. LIMITATION: idiographic research - lacks population validity
37
Q

define lateralisation

A

the belief that each hemisphere has a different function

38
Q

who were the participants in the Sperry research

A

participants all had split hemispheres

39
Q

what was the procedure of the Sperry research

A

an image was shown in only the participants left visual field and then the image was shown to only the right visual field

40
Q

what was the result of image being shown to the left visual field

A

could not verbally say what you saw

41
Q

what was the result of the image being shown to the right visual field

A

you could verbally say what you saw

42
Q

conclusion of the Sperry research

A

left hemisphere has language centres but right hemisphere does not

43
Q

evaluation of lateralisation

A
  1. STRENGTH: standardised procedure - always used same pictures/questions
  2. LIMITATION: only 11 participants - lacks population validity
  3. LIMITATION: lately rat experiment - rats completed a course, then completed the same course with part of their brain missing and could no longer complete the course
  4. STRENGTH: animal studies - when dolphins sleep they only shut down one hemisphere of their brain and the other hemisphere is used for swimming
44
Q

define plasticity

A

the way our brains are constantly changing

45
Q

what its the updated belief about plasticity

A

before it was thought changes to the brain one,y took place during childhood but now we know the changes happen throughout life

46
Q

what is synaptic pruning

A

if synapses are connected regularly they strengthen and if they’re used rarely then they are deleted

47
Q

briefly outline Macguires experiment

A

an experiment was done on London taxi drivers, it was found that there is a positive correlation with the size of the hippocampus and knowledge of locations in London, more knowledge = strengthened synaptic connections

48
Q

what is axonal sprouting

A

undamaged axons grow new nerve endings to reconnect lost neutrons

49
Q

what is reformation of blood vessels

A

reforming the blood vessels to an undamaged area

50
Q

what is recruitment of homologous brain area

A

making an area of the opposite side of the brain take over

51
Q

evaluation of plasticity and functional recovery

A
  1. STRENGTH: practical application - neurorehabilitation, surgeries can speed up recovery
  2. LIMITATION (counter): Elbert et al - functional recovery greater in children than adults so surgery may not always help
  3. LIMITATION: phantom limb syndrome - people can feel sensations in limbs they no longer have as a result of brain neutrons moving to inactive areas
  4. STRENGTH (counter): mirror treatment
52
Q

what is the role of endogenous and exogenous zeitgebers

A

they are factors which influence are sleep wake cycle

53
Q

how do endogenous and exogenous zeitgebers work together

A

they form a balance of both internal and external factors which create our sleep wake cycles

54
Q

example of endogenous pacemakers

A

SCN - internal body clock

55
Q

example of an exogenous zeitgeber

A

temperature

56
Q

which hormone makes us feel tired

A

melatonin

57
Q

which hormone makes us feel awake

A

cortisol

58
Q

evaluation of endog and exog

A
  1. STRENGTH: practical application: companies have adapted products to combat sleep wake disorder
  2. LIMITATION: ethical issues - research into the SCN meant that 80 chipmunks had their SCN removed
  3. STRENGTH: research - light shone on participants legs whilst sleeping disrupted their sleep wake cycle
  4. STRENGTH: Siffres research - stayed in a cave with no light or clocks, when he came out he thought the date was a month earlier meaning his body clock had been altered
59
Q

what is a circadian rhythm

A

our sleep wake cycle - 24 hours long

60
Q

what is an infradian rhythm

A

female menstrual cycle - lasts more than 24 hours

61
Q

what is an ultradian rhythm

A

sleep cycle - lasts less than 24 hours

62
Q

what is entrainment

A

when our exogenous zeitgebers can change our endogenous pacemakers

63
Q

evaluation of circadian rhythms

A
  1. STRENGTH: research support where shining a light on the back of your leg wakes you up
  2. LIMITATION: siffre cave study - had a 25 hour sleep/wake cycle
  3. STRENGTH (counter): WW2 bunkers: siffre cave study repeated with lots of participants
  4. STRENGTH: hamster research - shows endog is important for circadian rhythms
64
Q

evaluation of infradian rhythms

A
  1. STRENGTH: sweaty betty study
  2. STRENGTH: practical application - help with fertility
  3. LIMITATION: confounding variables
  4. STRENGTH: produces scientific data
65
Q

evaluation of ultradian rhythms

A
  1. STRENGTH: Randy Gardner - world record for not sleeping
  2. LIMITATION (counter) idiographic research
  3. STRENGTH: practical application - sleep disorders can be treated
  4. STRENGTH: research suggests that REM sleeping is when you can record dreams

Psychology (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions