Biology || Transpiration and Translocation B6

Question 1

New Light Intensity Formula?

Answer 1

Original Light Intensity
x
Distance From Light
(Squared)

Divided By

New Distance From Light
(Squared),

OL x OD2
————
ND2

Question 2

Anomaly?

Answer 2

A result that doesn’t fit with a pattern,

E.g.
A graph result that doesn’t fit on the average line.

Question 3

Respiration Formula?

Answer 3

Glucose + Oxygen

Carbon Dioxide + Water

Question 4

Photosynthesis Equation?

Answer 4

Carbon Dioxide + Water

Oxygen + Glucose

(CO2 + H2O = O2 + CHO)

Question 5

Photosynthesis and Light?

Answer 5

Closer to the light = more photosynthesis takes place because there’s more light to use in the process,

More carbon dioxide is also being used in photosynthesis, this mean the PH of the plant is less acidic,

Carbon dioxide is acidic and when it is being used, it leaves the plant.

Question 6

Transpiration?

Answer 6

Transport of water up a cell.

Question 7

Translocation?

Answer 7

Movement of sugar and amino acids up cell.

Question 8

Xylem?

Answer 8

Carries water up the cell,
Tough walls stiffened with lignin,
Made of dead cells,
Hallow to allow more water,
One way only,
No end walls between cells.

Question 9

Phloem?

Answer 9

Carries sugars,
Moves up and down the cell,
Made of living cells,
Not hallow,
Cells have end walls,
Sugars move up cell through concentrate gradient,

Made of elongated living cells with small pores in the end walls.

Question 10

We measure rate of transpiration with?

Answer 10

A Photometer,

Measures the speed at which an air bubble leaves the plant through transpiration,

Done in water so the air bubble is visible,

Not accurate.

Question 11

What Effects Transpiration?

Answer 11

Higher Temperature,
-Particles move faster so diffusion is faster,

Wind,
-Speeds up process because water vapour is pushed away from stomata making the concentration gradient higher,

Low Humidity,
-There is little water vapour in the air so transpiration slows down.

Question 12

Root Hair Cells?

Answer 12

Collect water and nutrients from soil,

Travels in root hair cell through osmosis and diffusion.

Question 13

Mitochondria?

Answer 13

Respiration takes place in the mitochondria,

Energy is used in active transport.

Question 14

Biomass?

Answer 14

Mass of living material.

Question 15

What Is Photosynthesis?

Answer 15

When plants use energy from the sun to make glucose.

Question 16

What Are Chloroplasts?

Answer 16

Photosynthesis takes place inside the chloroplasts,

Chloroplasts also contain chlorophyll,

Chlorophyll absorbs light from the sun.

Question 17

Endothermic?

Answer 17

A reaction where energy is TAKEN IN and used.

Question 18

Limiting Factors?

Answer 18

Carbon Dioxide,

Light Intensity,

Temperature.

Question 19

Light Intensity Formula?

Answer 19

1
——————
Distance (Squared)

Question 20

Temperature Affecting Photosynthesis?

Answer 20

Enzymes (active site) can denature if the temperature is too high or too low,

Reaction speeds up if the temperature is warm but not too hot.

Question 21

Inverse Square Law?

Answer 21

If you half the distance of the lamp from the plant, the light Intensity will be four times greater,

This can also be worked out using 1/distance2.

Question 22

Stomata Are Protected By?

Answer 22

Guard Cells.

Question 23

Flaccid Guard Cells?

Answer 23

Flaccid means the guard cells do not have much water, therefore they are closed.

Question 24

Turgid Guard Cells?

Answer 24

Turgid means the guard cells are full of water, therefore they are open.

Question 25

Light Intensity Affect On Transpiration?

Answer 25

Stomata begin to close when it gets dark,

This means transpiration can’t take place.

Question 26

Temperature Affect On Transpiration?

Answer 26

The warmer it is, the faster transportation takes place,

When it is warmer, the particles have more energy.

Question 27

Air Flow / Wind Affect On Transpiration?

Answer 27

Water vapour doesn’t move on it’s own,

If the water vapour leaves the stomata, it will just stand outside the plant,

This increases the concentrate of water vapour outside the leaf as well as inside the leaf,

Diffusion will not take place as quickly due to this,

When strong winds blow the water vapour away, the concentrate is lower outside the leaf,

This means diffusion happens quicker.

Question 28

Estimating Transpiration Rate?

Answer 28

Potometer,

A potometer measured the distance a bubble moves from a plant leaf during transpiration,

Equation:
Distance Moved
————————
Time Taken.

Question 29

Practical?

Answer 29

• Gas Syringe,
• Water,
• Plant (Algea Balls),
• Sodium Hydrogen-Carbonate (Only added to assure plant has enough Carbon Dioxide),
• Light,
• Ruler,

Measure the distance the light is from the plant and then how much air is in the gas syringe,

You should find more gas is released from the plant when the light is closer to the plant,

This is because more transpiration is happening so more carbon dioxide is leaving the plant.