Biology biotechnology

Question 1

What is biotechnology?

Answer 1

The use of biological processes organisms to create useful products

Question 2

What is yeast?

Answer 2

Microorganism

Question 3

What is yeast used for?

Answer 3

Production of bread and many alcoholic drinks, these products are made by fermentation

Question 4

How does fermentation help yeast?

Answer 4

Fermentation is a anaerobic respiration so the yeast respires without needing oxygen

Question 5

How do enzymes help the yeast?

Answer 5

Enzymes in the yeast speed up the process of fermentation so speeding up the reaction

Question 6

Where do enzymes work best?

Answer 6

Warm environments

Question 7

How do you make bread?

Answer 7

Flour, water and yeast are mixed to make dough
Dough is left in a warm place to rise
Yeast expires, changing the sugars in the flour into ethanol ad carbon dioxide
The carbon dioxide gas is trapped as the bubbles inside the dough, making it rise
The dough is baked so in the oven, the ethanol evaporates and the bubbles of gas expand, making the bread rise further

Question 8

How do you make wine?

Answer 8

Wine is made when yeast is used to ferment grape sugar

Question 9

How do you make beer?

Answer 9

Yeast is used to ferment sugar into malted barley, it is known as brewing

Question 10

What is the process of making alcoholic drinks?

Answer 10

Plant sugar is added to a large container, often the plant needs to be crushed
Yeast is added to ferment the sugar into alcohol
The container is sealed to keep out oxygen and other microorganisms
The mixture is left until the sugar has fermented into alcohol
Sediment is removed rom the liquid by filtration
The liquid is bottled or put into barrels