Biological Weapons - HM Manual

Question 1

What are the three types of biological agents?

Answer 1

Bacteria
Viruses
Toxins

Question 2

What are the common bacterial agents that are weaponized?

Answer 2

Anthrax
Plague
Tularemia

Question 3

What bacteria causes Anthrax?

Answer 3

Bacillus Anthracis

Question 4

What bacteria causes Plague?

Answer 4

Yersina Pestis

Question 5

What bacteria causes Tularemia?

Answer 5

Francisella Tularensis

Question 6

What are the three types of anthrax?

Answer 6

Cutaneous
Pulmonary
Gastrointestinal

Question 7

The average incubation period for anthrax is ___ to ___ days, although it can be incubated for ____ days

Answer 7

1-7 days

60 days

Question 8

What would you expect to see on chest x-ray in a patient suffering from inhalation anthrax?

Answer 8

Mediastinal widening due to hemorrhagic lymphadenitis

Question 9

What is the first line of treatment for anthrax?

Answer 9

Ciprofloxacin 500 mg PO BID or

Doxycycline 100mg PO BID

Question 10

What is the second line of treatment for anthrax?

Answer 10

Amoxacillin 500mg TID or

PCN 2mU q4hrs IV

Question 11

What is the dose schedule for Anthrax vaccine?

Answer 11

0,2,4 weeks and then 6,12,18 months followed by annual booster

Question 12

The bacterium Yersina Pestis is found on rodents and their fleas and is easily destroyed by?

Answer 12

sunlight and drying

Question 13

What are the three types of plague?

Answer 13

Pneumonic
Bubonic
Septicemic

Question 14

What type of plague can spread from person to person?

Answer 14

Pneumonic

Question 15

What type of plague is the most common form?

Answer 15

Bubonic

Question 16

What type of plague is spread by infected flea bites?

Answer 16

Bubonic

Question 17

What type of plague is the result of the plague bacteria multiplying in the blood?

Answer 17

Septicemic (can be a complication of pneumonic and bubonic plague)

Question 18

What is the average incubation period for plague?

Answer 18

1-7 days

Question 19

What are some symptoms of pneumonic plague?

Answer 19

Sudden onset of high fever, chills, malaise, tachycardia, intense headache, severe myalgias, rapidly developing pneumonia, cough with hemoptysis, dyspnea, and stridor, cyanosis and death

Question 20

What are some symptoms of bubonic plague?

Answer 20

Swollen painful lymph nodes called buboes, high fever, chills, headache, and malasie

Question 21

What are the primary abx when treating plague?

Answer 21

Streptomycin 1g q12hrs IV

Gentamicin

Question 22

What is the alternative abx treatment of plague?

Answer 22

Doxycycline, ciprofloxacin or chloramphenicol

Question 23

What disease is also known as rabbit fever?

Answer 23

Tularemia

Question 24

What are the two types of tularemia?

Answer 24

Ulcergladular and Pneumoinc/typhoidal

Question 25

What biological agent is a neuroparalytic disease that blocks actylcholine release from peripheral nerves?

Answer 25

Botulinum Toxin

Question 26

What is the most toxic substance known?

Answer 26

Botulinum

Question 27

Can botulism be transmitted person to person?

Answer 27

no

Question 28

What are the types of botulism?

Answer 28

Food-borneInfantWoundInhalational

Question 29

What is the incubation period of botulism?

Answer 29

12-36 hours

Question 30

What are the common Toxins?

Answer 30

Botulism and Ricin

Question 31

What are the common symptoms of the botulism casualty?

Answer 31

Cranial nerve palsies, dysphagia, dry mouth and throat, muscle weakness, sxs may progress to paralysis of arms and legs, trunk and respiratory muscles

Question 32

What is the treatment for botulism?

Answer 32

Early administration of Trivalent antitoxin

Question 33

Where is Ricin derived from?

Answer 33

the beans of the castor plant

Question 34

What ist eh mechanism of action of Ricin?

Answer 34

Blocks protein synthesis at the cellular level, leads to irreversible cell death

Question 35

What are the common weaponized viruses?

Answer 35

Smallpox and Hemorrhagic fevers

Question 36

What virus causes smallpox disease?

Answer 36

Variola Major and variola minor