Biochemistry: Enzymes and Activation Energy Flashcards

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1
Q

What is energy?

A
  • Without energy, you do not function.
  • Energy comes from the sun. We now know that some organisms can use chemosynthesis to convert energy in the absence of sunlight.
  • Energy is the ability to cause matter to move or change.
  • All life processes are driven by energy
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2
Q

What are reactants?

A

a substance that takes part in and undergoes change during a reaction, results in the product

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3
Q

The sum of all chemical reactions in your body is known as..

A

Metabolism

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4
Q

What is activation energy?

A

energy required to get a reaction started

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5
Q

What does a catalyst do?

A

lowers the activation energy (speeds up process)

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6
Q

What are examples of catalysts?

A

Organic catalysts:
- enzymes (catalase, peroxidase, maltase, amylase) As a general rule organic catalysis’ end in “ase”
Inorganic catalysts:
- manganese dioxide
- potassium Iodid
- light
- the materials used for catalytic converters in cars

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7
Q

What are substrates?

A

a reactant in a chemical reaction is called a substrate when acted upon by an enzyme

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8
Q

Are enzymes used up (can not be reused) in the reaction?

A

enzymes are not used up in the reaction and are neither the reactant nor the product..

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9
Q

What affects enzymes?

A
  • Temperature: all enzymes have an optimal temp they work best at
  • pH: acidity/alkalinity can increase or decrease the function of an enzyme
  • Concentration: Increasing the concentration of the enzyme can increase the rate of the chemical reaction
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10
Q

How do ATP store energy?

A

energy is released as a phosphate is broken off; as energy is stored, a phosphate is added.

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