Biochemistry Flashcards
What happens to electrons in ionic bonds?
they are transferred
What happens to electrons in covalent bonds?
they are shared
What types of bonds do metals and non-metals form?
ionic
What types of bonds do 2 non-metals form?
covalent
What is electronegativity in atoms?
Refers to how much an atom wants to ATTRACT an electron.
The higher the electronegativity value, the _______ that atom attracts electrons (MORE/LESS)
More
In a non-polar covalent bond, the electronegativity difference is between _____ and _____
0 and 0.4
In a polar covalent bond, the electronegativity difference is between ____ and _____
0.5 and 1.9
In an ionic bond, the electronegativity difference is between ____ and _____
2.0 and 4.0
A non-polar covalent bond has an _____ share of electrons (EQUAL/UNEQUAL)
Equal
A polar covalent bond has an ______ share of electrons (EQUAL/UNEQUAL)
Unequal
What does this symbol mean? δ+
Partially positive (less electronegative)
What does this symbol mean? δ−
Partially negative (more electronegative)
Polar Molecules require which 2 things to be true?
The molecule must contain polar bonds. It will be an asymmetric molecule
Non-polar molecules will be __________? (SYMMETRICAL/ASYMMETRICAL)
Symmetrical
What does this symbol represent?
Bipole
Water is a ____ molecule (POLAR/NON-POLAR)
Polar
What types of bonds are formed between water molecules?
Hydrogen bonds
In our bodies, water acts as a ______ (SOLVENT/SOLUTE)
Solvent - it dissolves other polar molecules easily like salt NaCl, Non-polar substances, like fats, do not dissolve in water
What is ADHESION in water molecules
When the water molecules stick to other substances
What is COHESION in water molecules
When water sticks to other water molecules
How does water help our bodies?
Dissolves polar solutes (like salt)
Lubricates your joints
Good temperature regulator (absorbs heat without changing to a gas)
