Bio Lab Chapter 7 - Phylum Porifera, Sponges

Question 1

what is a phylum porifera

Answer 1

sponge

Question 2

Phylum Porifera have a _________ level of orginization

Answer 2

cellular
sponges are multicellular organisms

Question 3

phylum Porifera have ___________ cells that carry out specific functions

Answer 3

specialized

Question 4

phylum Porifera are _________ filter feeders, which means they don’t move much or at all

Answer 4

sessile
(also similar to organisms such as muscles, oysters, and scallops)

Question 5

define substrate

Answer 5

the surface or material on or from which an organism lives, grows, or obtains its nourishment

Question 6

phylum Porifera are attached to _____________ as an adult

Answer 6

substrate

Question 7

phylum Porifera are free swimming in the _______ stage

Answer 7

larval, attached to substrate as an adult

Question 8

what is the symmetry of a phylum Porifera

Answer 8

asymmetrical

Question 9

phylum Porifera’s digestions is __________

Answer 9

intracellular,
each cell must obtain its own food and get rid of its own waste

Question 10

in a phylum Porifera’s digestion system, each cell must obtain is own _______ and get rid of its own ______

Answer 10

food, waste

Question 11

the process of excretion and respiration in phylum Porifera makes

Answer 11

diffusion

Question 12

ostia are

Answer 12

pores on a phylum Porifera

Question 13

spongocoel (atrium) is also called the

Answer 13

central cavity

Question 14

ostia (pores) lead to canals and chambers for passage of _______

Answer 14

water

Question 15

where does water flow in a phylum Porifera

Answer 15

ostia (pores), incurrent canal, radial canals, apopyle, spongocoel, osculum

Question 16

define spongin

Answer 16

flexible material that makes up the body wall of the phylum Porifera

Question 17

define spicules

Answer 17

hard, spiny secretions that help to provide a reinforced structure

spicules can be used in classification

Question 18

Body types of a phylum Porifera include

Answer 18

1. Ascon - simplist shape, vase like
2. Sycon - more folds in body
3. Leucon - most complex, many small chambers

Question 19

forms of phylum Porifera reproduction

Answer 19

regeneration and asexual

Question 20

regeneration reproduction in phylum Porifera involves:

Answer 20

restores a part of the body that is lost or damage

Question 21

asexual reproduction in phylum Porifera involves:

Answer 21

• budding / fragmentation
• gemmule

Question 22

define gemmule

Answer 22

a tough-coated dormant cluster of embryonic cells produced by a freshwater sponge for development in more favorable conditions

Question 23

gemmules are formed during _________ reproduction in _________ species of phylum Porifera

Answer 23

asexual reproduction, freshwater species

Question 24

sexual reproduction of phylum Porifera is _____________

Answer 24

hermaphroditic (containing both male and female sex parts)

Question 25

roughly describe the process of phylum Porifera sexual reproduction

Answer 25

• hermaphroditic (containing both male and female sex parts)
• sperm is sent into surrounding waters
• captured and brought to the egg of another phylum Porifera
• fertilization takes place
• ciliated larva –> free swimming
• settles
• adult

Question 26

4 cell types found in a phylum Porifera

Answer 26

• choanocytes
• amoebocytes
• pinacocytes
• porocytes

Question 27

choanocytes are

Answer 27

• a type of cell
• found in phylum Porifera
• line flagellated canals
• filter food
• reproduction

Question 28

amoebocytes are

Answer 28

• a type of cell
• found in phylum Porifera
• become cell types
• secrete spicules and spongin

Question 29

pinacocytes are

Answer 29

• a type of cell
• found in phylum Porifera
• flat epithelial cells
• line outside and incurrent canals

Question 30

porocytes are

Answer 30

• a type of cell
• found in phylum Porifera
• control water flow