Bio final Sleister Slides 1/2 (LO 1-4)

Question 1

Homologous chromosomes

Answer 1

-1 from mom 1 from dad
-Same genes diff alleles
-Set: 1 homologous pair (4 sisters or 2 homologs)

Question 1

Sister chromatids

Answer 1

-After replication
-1 chromosome = 2 sister chromatids
-Joined at centromere

Question 2

Haploid

Answer 2

-1 set of chromosomes
-No homologous pairs/homologs
-Gamete
-22 autosomes, 1 sex chromosome

Question 3

Diploid

Answer 3

-2 sets of chromosomes
-Zygote
-Homologs/pairs
-44 autosomes, 2 sex chromosomes
-1 set is 23

Question 4

Prophase

Answer 4

-Chromosomes are condensed
-Centrosomes are reoriented
-Spindle begins to form

Question 5

Prometaphase

Answer 5

-Nuclear envelope breaks down
-Kinetochore microtubules attach to sister chromatids

Question 6

Metaphase

Answer 6

-Chromosomes are moved to midline of cell

Question 7

Anaphase

Answer 7

-Sister chromatids separate and daughter chromosomes moves towards opposite poles

Question 8

Telophase

Answer 8

-Nuclear envelope forms around each set of chromosomes
-Nucleoli appear
-Spindle breaks down
-Chromosomes decondense

Question 9

Asexual reproduction

Answer 9

-Clones
-Eukaryotes: Mitosis/cytokinesis
-Prokaryotes: Binary fission

Question 10

Sexual reproduction

Answer 10

-Genetically different
-Meiosis

Question 11

Meiosis

Answer 11

-Reduces chromosomes number by half
-2 meiotic nuclear divisions
-4 genetically diff haploid cells
-Cross over prophase 1
-Germ cells

Question 12

Mitosis

Answer 12

-1 nuclear division
-2 genetically identical cells
-Doesnt change ploidy