BIO (enzymes) Flashcards
The part in an enzyme molecule
where in it interacts with the
substrate.
active site
process called enzymatic hydrolysis can break the bonds holding the molecular
‘building blocks’ within the food together.
chemical digestion
is a process in which enzymes
facilitate the cleavage of bonds in molecules with the addition of the elements of water and plays an important role in the human system for the digestion of food.
enzymatic hydrolysis
The chemical with which an
enzyme work.
substrate
a German chemist, postulated this model
which presents the following:
- ENZYME (a LOCK)
- SUBSTRATE (right KEY)
EMIL FISCHER in 1894
lock and key model
part of the enzyme does the non competitive inhibitor bind
allosteric site
breaks down fats into glycerol and fatty acids
lipase
breaks down lactose, the complex sugar in
milk products
lactase
breaks down proteins into amino acids
proctease
a biochemist, illustrates that an
enzyme SHIFTS and slightly
CHANGES ITS SHAPE to fit with
substrate
DANIEL KOSHLAND in 1958
induced fit model
breaks down maltose (the sugar in all
grains) into two glucose molecules, allowing greater absorption of this energy-giving sugar
glucoamylase
organic molecules
coenzymes
- Responsible for the
energy production in
organisms. - Helps to detoxify the
body of waste materials
from the cells.
metabolic enzymes
breaks down carbohydrates (starches) into
simpler sugars
amylase
Derived from raw foods and supplements which are produced externally
food enzymes
Inhibitor with similar structure to the substrate that able to fit in the active site of an enzyme
competitive inhibition
- Assist in breaking down food
and absorbing nutrients to
deliver throughout the body
system. - Most common digestive
enzymes include – protease,
amylase, and lipase.
digestive enzymes
protects us from the negative
effects of free radicals
antioxidant enzyme
inorganic molecules and ions
cofactor
factors affecting enzymes:
- inhibitors
- temperature
- pH level
