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Abbey MSII Unit 3 > Behav. Sci. L1. > Flashcards

Behav. Sci. L1. Flashcards

1
Q

When is a birth considered premature? very premature?

A

premature: 37 weeks. very premature: 32 weeks

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2
Q

APGAR score - what is it and what is considered a good score?

A

A - appearance (color); P - pulse; G - grimace; A - activity (muscle tone); R - respiration; used to predict the likelihood of immediate survival. higher score is better (8-9 good)

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3
Q

What is a likely cause of the high rate of premature births in the US

A

no free prenatal care in US

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4
Q

postpartum reactions due to

A

oxytocin-dopamine interactions

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5
Q

expressive speech by a child understood by a stranger

A

25% understood by age 1, 50% by 2, 75 by 3, 100 by 4

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6
Q

spheres of development

A

motor, social, verbal/cognitive

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7
Q

when does a social smile emerge

A

12w

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8
Q

when does stranger anxiety emerge

A

9 month

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9
Q

when does separation anxiety emerge

A

late in first year, object permanence comes first

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10
Q

when does sitting without support emerge

A

4-9 months

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11
Q

when does standing with assistance emerge

A

5-11 months

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12
Q

when does crawling emerge

A

5.5-13 months

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13
Q

when does walking with assistance emerge?

A

6-13 months

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14
Q

when does standing alone emerge?

A

7-17 months

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15
Q

when does walking alone emerge?

A

8.5-18 months

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16
Q

what are characteristics of infants?

A

reflexes and instinct necessary for survival including rooting reflex (touch cheek and turn toward nipple); palmar grasp reflex (grip any object in palm); moro reflex (limbs extend when startled); babinski (dosiflexion of toes when sole of foot is stroked)

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17
Q

what is a characteristic behavior at age two?

A

autonomy (rapprochement - moves away but quickly returns for comfort)— ability to say no!; parallel play but not reciprocal

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18
Q

when does gender identity occur?

A

by age 3

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19
Q

bowel bladder function

A

4 and 5 years

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20
Q

in what order to fears arise in children?

A
  1. stranger 2. separation 3. phobias (dark) 4. bodily injury 5. social anxiety
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21
Q

what is characteristic of play around age 3-4

A

asssociation - doing same thing but not working together; active fantasy life

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22
Q

when does cooperative play begin?

A

age 4

23
Q

when does sense of morality, empathy, and understanding of finality of death begin?

A

age 6

24
Q

autism - when is it seen

A

before age 3

25
Q

autism symptoms in child

A

do not acquire verbal and social skill at expected age. no reciprocity, restricted range of interests, clumsiness

26
Q

when does capacity for logical thought begin?

A

7-11 years

27
Q

when is the universality of death apparent

A

age 9

28
Q

what is acting out

A

defense mechanism

29
Q

mental autonomy and personal decision making apparent

A

between 11-20

30
Q

what happens to the brain between 11-20

A

myelination and pruning of up to 50% of synaptic connection - decline in glucose and oxygen metabolism

31
Q

what is the physical indicator of adolescence

A

puberty

32
Q

when do children begin to prefer spending time with friends not family

A

age 15

33
Q

when does an identity crisis begine

A

late adolescence

34
Q

highest rates of gonorrhea

A

15-19yo

35
Q

what factors predispose to teen pregnancy?

A

depression, poor school achievement, divorced parents

36
Q

roe v wade ruled what?

A

1st trimester abortions legal in every state

37
Q

what are the MC genetic factors causing mental retardation?

A

down syndrome and FXS

38
Q

clinical signs of down syndrome

A

single palmar transverse crease, protruding tongue, flat facies, hypotonia, epicentral folds, small ears, thick neck, premature aging, alzheimers

39
Q

clinical signs of FXS

A

male more severe, delayed cognitive function, hyperactive, hand flapping, hyper extensible joints, large ears, elongated face, post pubertal enlargement of testes

40
Q

metabolic factors of intellectual impairment

A

infection - rubella, toxoplasmosis, maternal substance abuse

41
Q

MC learning disability

A

reading

42
Q

factors that increase divorce rates

A

short courtship, teenage, premarital pregnancy, absence of family support, prior divorce, differences in religion or socioeconomic background, couples with serious illness in child

43
Q

what percentage of children live in single-parent homes

A

27

44
Q

where are people at by age 30

A

one’s role in society is defined, physical development at peak, individual is independent

45
Q

what is the fastest growing segment of population

A

old-old 85+

46
Q

when is someone considered senior citizen

A

65

47
Q

MC form of dementia

A

alzheimer’s

48
Q

average life expectancy in US

A

women 80, men 75

49
Q

what neurological changes happen in aging?

A

decreased cerebral blood flow, decreased brain weight, amyloid plaques, decreased neurotransmitter availability, more sensitive to side effects, increased depression BUT intelligence remains the same

50
Q

psychosocial changes of aging

A

reduced bladder control, loss of strength, vision and hearing loss, abuse of cognitive or physically impaired elderly by caretakers

51
Q

psychopathology in elderly

A

depression, suicide rates increasing, anxiety, alcohol and substance abuse, delirium

52
Q

complicated bereavement (as opposed to bereavement -normal grief)

A

symptoms intensify or persist over time instead of lessening, suicidal thinking or hallucinations - both include sadness and crying - denial is longer in abnormal

53
Q

what is the role of physician in dying and death

A

make aware of diagnosis and prognosis, serve as resource, medically follow bereaved family members because of increased risk of morbidity and mortality is increased in close relatives of deceased, resist emotional detachment

Abbey MSII Unit 3 (36 decks)

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