Behav. Sci. L1.

Question 1

When is a birth considered premature? very premature?

Answer 1

premature: 37 weeks. very premature: 32 weeks

Question 2

APGAR score - what is it and what is considered a good score?

Answer 2

A - appearance (color); P - pulse; G - grimace; A - activity (muscle tone); R - respiration; used to predict the likelihood of immediate survival. higher score is better (8-9 good)

Question 3

What is a likely cause of the high rate of premature births in the US

Answer 3

no free prenatal care in US

Question 4

postpartum reactions due to

Answer 4

oxytocin-dopamine interactions

Question 5

expressive speech by a child understood by a stranger

Answer 5

25% understood by age 1, 50% by 2, 75 by 3, 100 by 4

Question 6

spheres of development

Answer 6

motor, social, verbal/cognitive

Question 7

when does a social smile emerge

Answer 7

12w

Question 8

when does stranger anxiety emerge

Answer 8

9 month

Question 9

when does separation anxiety emerge

Answer 9

late in first year, object permanence comes first

Question 10

when does sitting without support emerge

Answer 10

4-9 months

Question 11

when does standing with assistance emerge

Answer 11

5-11 months

Question 12

when does crawling emerge

Answer 12

5.5-13 months

Question 13

when does walking with assistance emerge?

Answer 13

6-13 months

Question 14

when does standing alone emerge?

Answer 14

7-17 months

Question 15

when does walking alone emerge?

Answer 15

8.5-18 months

Question 16

what are characteristics of infants?

Answer 16

reflexes and instinct necessary for survival including rooting reflex (touch cheek and turn toward nipple); palmar grasp reflex (grip any object in palm); moro reflex (limbs extend when startled); babinski (dosiflexion of toes when sole of foot is stroked)

Question 17

what is a characteristic behavior at age two?

Answer 17

autonomy (rapprochement - moves away but quickly returns for comfort)— ability to say no!; parallel play but not reciprocal

Question 18

when does gender identity occur?

Answer 18

by age 3

Question 19

bowel bladder function

Answer 19

4 and 5 years

Question 20

in what order to fears arise in children?

Answer 20

1. stranger 2. separation 3. phobias (dark) 4. bodily injury 5. social anxiety

Question 21

what is characteristic of play around age 3-4

Answer 21

asssociation - doing same thing but not working together; active fantasy life

Question 22

when does cooperative play begin?

Answer 22

age 4

Question 23

when does sense of morality, empathy, and understanding of finality of death begin?

Answer 23

age 6

Question 24

autism - when is it seen

Answer 24

before age 3

Question 25

autism symptoms in child

Answer 25

do not acquire verbal and social skill at expected age. no reciprocity, restricted range of interests, clumsiness

Question 26

when does capacity for logical thought begin?

Answer 26

7-11 years

Question 27

when is the universality of death apparent

Answer 27

age 9

Question 28

what is acting out

Answer 28

defense mechanism

Question 29

mental autonomy and personal decision making apparent

Answer 29

between 11-20

Question 30

what happens to the brain between 11-20

Answer 30

myelination and pruning of up to 50% of synaptic connection - decline in glucose and oxygen metabolism

Question 31

what is the physical indicator of adolescence

Answer 31

puberty

Question 32

when do children begin to prefer spending time with friends not family

Answer 32

age 15

Question 33

when does an identity crisis begine

Answer 33

late adolescence

Question 34

highest rates of gonorrhea

Answer 34

15-19yo

Question 35

what factors predispose to teen pregnancy?

Answer 35

depression, poor school achievement, divorced parents

Question 36

roe v wade ruled what?

Answer 36

1st trimester abortions legal in every state

Question 37

what are the MC genetic factors causing mental retardation?

Answer 37

down syndrome and FXS

Question 38

clinical signs of down syndrome

Answer 38

single palmar transverse crease, protruding tongue, flat facies, hypotonia, epicentral folds, small ears, thick neck, premature aging, alzheimers

Question 39

clinical signs of FXS

Answer 39

male more severe, delayed cognitive function, hyperactive, hand flapping, hyper extensible joints, large ears, elongated face, post pubertal enlargement of testes

Question 40

metabolic factors of intellectual impairment

Answer 40

infection - rubella, toxoplasmosis, maternal substance abuse

Question 41

MC learning disability

Answer 41

reading

Question 42

factors that increase divorce rates

Answer 42

short courtship, teenage, premarital pregnancy, absence of family support, prior divorce, differences in religion or socioeconomic background, couples with serious illness in child

Question 43

what percentage of children live in single-parent homes

Answer 43

27

Question 44

where are people at by age 30

Answer 44

one’s role in society is defined, physical development at peak, individual is independent

Question 45

what is the fastest growing segment of population

Answer 45

old-old 85+

Question 46

when is someone considered senior citizen

Answer 46

65

Question 47

MC form of dementia

Answer 47

alzheimer’s

Question 48

average life expectancy in US

Answer 48

women 80, men 75

Question 49

what neurological changes happen in aging?

Answer 49

decreased cerebral blood flow, decreased brain weight, amyloid plaques, decreased neurotransmitter availability, more sensitive to side effects, increased depression BUT intelligence remains the same

Question 50

psychosocial changes of aging

Answer 50

reduced bladder control, loss of strength, vision and hearing loss, abuse of cognitive or physically impaired elderly by caretakers

Question 51

psychopathology in elderly

Answer 51

depression, suicide rates increasing, anxiety, alcohol and substance abuse, delirium

Question 52

complicated bereavement (as opposed to bereavement -normal grief)

Answer 52

symptoms intensify or persist over time instead of lessening, suicidal thinking or hallucinations - both include sadness and crying - denial is longer in abnormal

Question 53

what is the role of physician in dying and death

Answer 53

make aware of diagnosis and prognosis, serve as resource, medically follow bereaved family members because of increased risk of morbidity and mortality is increased in close relatives of deceased, resist emotional detachment