Behav. Sci. bipolar Flashcards
dysthymia
chronic low level depression
cyclothymia
chronic low level mania
mania DSM-V
distinct, abnormal, elevated, expansive (or irritable mood) for 7 day minimum - at least 3 symptoms present
- increased self esteem/grandiosity
- decreased sleep
- increased speech
- racing thoughts
- distractibility
- increased activity (energy)
- increased dangerous impulsivity
What is the mneumonic for mania?
DTRHIGH Distractible talkative racing thoughts hyperactive impulsive grandiose hyposomnic
hypomania
milder mania - 4 days, same symptoms as mania - not severe enough to cause marked impairment
major depressive episode (MDE)
pervasive sad, down, irritable mood for at least 2 weeks
bipolar 1
mania + MDE
must have mania, do not need to have depression***
bipolar 2
hypomania + MDE - must have hypomania, do not need to have depression
cyclothymia
> 2 years hypomania with minor depressions
biologic factors affecting bipolar
altered neurotransmitter activity (increase of DA, SR, NE)
monoamine receptor deficiency theory (opposite of depression)
genetics (high association)
kindling hypothesis (too much neuronal limbic firing; seizure and anti-epilepsy drug model via Na++ channel blockade)
occurrence of bipolar disorder (1, 2)
1: 1% lifetime prevalence, women = men
2: women > men
pyschosocial factors of bipolar disorder
low self esteem, negative outlook, learned helplessness, catastrophic loss, demeaning parents, peers can yield denial and fantasy defenses to occur = mania
stress can increase mania
what pharmacologic option should be used for bipolar disorder? why?
antipsychotics (for schizophrenia) - block dopamine-2 receptor which treats mania/helps prevent AND block 5HT2a receptors which treats depression
what pharmacologic option should NOT be used for bipolar disorder? why?
antidepressants - make mania worse - need to use a mood stabilizer first if need to use
antimanic agents
mood stabilizers - when psychotherapy does not work and medication management is critical
