BBC RADIO 1 break Flashcards
Radio Production, Distribution & Circulation
Centralised because of distribution.
Radio evolved as a one way medium- audience created for a mass audience.
Fewer producers that target a large audience; mainstream- very similar content (variation of music).
Its produced in their ‘Broadcasting House’ in London.
The BBC
BBC= British Broadcasting Corporation
Monopoly- they dominated the market and could decide what was popular.
Radio One Breakfast Show started in 1967.
Pirate Radio Stations
Illegal radio stations that broadcast pop music from ships in the early 1960s before the debut of BBC’s Radio One.
Because of Radio Ones authenticity it caused pirate radio like kiss to apply for a licence.
They where BBC’s competition.
Local Radio
Started in 1960’s- bigger radio stations have expanded from local radio through DAB, FM & internet radio.
Music
Pop Music was relatively cheap to produce leading to a rise in pirate music.
Flagship News (Programmes)
A TV or Radio programme that gains attention which helps define the brand -The breakfast show was considered a flagship.
Radio One Breakfast show
Runs Monday to Friday (7-10:30)
Presenter- Greg James
Weekend Presenters- Alice Levine & Dev
Music- playlist governed to ensure its popular with the younger audience (keep audience under 30 y/o)
Presenters
2012-2018: Nick Grimshaw- Chosen for popularity, he tried to aim for the younger audience.
(camp & northern persona)- had celebrity connections
2018- Present: Greg James- can develop a greater focus with listeners (dropped zoo format- multiple presenters)
Presenters are the public face and shape the content.
Radio Context
First Domestic Electronic Medium.
State Media = Dictatorship (political control)
Achieved by the BBC, when rivals started to occur establishing a separate authority to regulate radio.
Economic Contexts
Profits are reduced by being publicly funded institutions.
The government puts pressure on the BBC by reducing their licence fee (distinctive content)
Ownership & Control
Commercial Radio set up in 1970’s to be independent radio.
Ownership = Concentrated
Global Radio owns some of the largest commercial brands.
Global Radio= Very small compared to media conglomerates e.g. Film.
Funding
- Publicly Funded
- Licence Fee allowed by the ‘Department of Culture, Media and Sport’ (DCMS)
- Used to fund broadband.
- They can supply a ‘Public Service Remit’
Budget
2016/2017 Budget= £34.7 million
Radio cost per hour = 1.2p
Licence Fee
Enables them to chase a young niche audience.
Young Audience = use social media rather than radio!
Popular Music = Cheap compared to classical (value for money)
Compulsory charges of the licence fee = old fashioned.
Audiences
Audiences =Local/National
BBC maintain national audiences through national radio stations (high quality content)
Local Radio =Local News, Sport, Traffic, Local Events.
BBC address global audience- international content or national languages.
2016/2017= 154 million views a week
Breakfast Show audience declining (target audience= 15-29 y/o)
Competition
Competition from commercial radio rivals (Spotify & YouTube)- increase in streaming songs and not paying the licence fee!
Threat to Radio 1// or other channels.
Technology Impact
Radio= Largely Expanded- digital & Internet radio!
Digital convergent media = Sound only media.
Radio One encourages the take up of DAB Radio.
BBC use social media (interaction with audience)- Twitter, Facebook= Highley Active (2018- 3 million subs)
YouTube= 5 Million
BBC iPlayer
Allows for streaming of the programmes, podcasts, playlists & mixes.
Breakfast Show= Encourages texting & Emailing
Regulation
April 2017- Ofcom regulated radio (BBC’s First external regulator)
BBC expected to hold up high standards because of its funding.
1st Director= Lord Reith (introduced the PBS)
PBS= Inform, Educate, Entertain
Ofcom’s Duties By Law
- Wide range of high quality content
- Appeals to a large audiences taste &interests
- Range of different organisations of radio
- Protect from harmful media
- Protect from being treated unfairly- invade privacy
- Radio used in the most effective way
- Make sure the BBC follow their charter!
Royal Charter
Set out for the Public purposes of the BBC- guarantees independence for the BBC (how the BBC should work)
- Act in public interests
- Serve all audiences
- impartial
- High quality programmes
- be distinctive
- Inform, educate, entertain
BBC should be…
- High quality
- original
- Challenging
- innovating & engaging
- Nurturing UK Talent
Radio 1’s Remit
- Expose listeners to new/ challenging materials.
- Diverse range of UK Music (high proportion= 61%)
- Day time mix of music, entertainment and info
- Introduce unfamiliar & innovative songs
- Specialist Presenters
- Cover live events, encourage listeners to take part
- include documentaries & social action campaigns
- Provide accurate & impartial news
- Regular News Beat ( every 1/2 hour)
More Radio Contexts
Audiences can be categorized & measured by:
-age
-class (A, B, C1, D, D2,E)
-region
RJAR
RJAR= Radio Joint Audiences Research
- They measure the radios audience in the UK, jointly owned by the BBC & Radio Centre.
BBC Audience
Commercial Radio categorise their audiences.
The BBC core target audience = 15-29 y/o
BBC measures their audience in:
- Age
- Gender
- Class
- Race (white/ BAME= Black, African, Ethnic Minority)
- Nation (Wales, England, Ireland, Scotland)
Breakfast Show Audience
- Loosing their target audience to streaming sites
- Gaining BAME listeners (higher reach of white listeners)
- More middle class
- More female
Local Radio Stations
- try to attract a broad demographic (offer a range of music/ news/ info)
- Advantage of addressing strongly defined local identity
BBC Radio Stations
Radio 1= 15-29 y/o (pop)
Radio 1 XTRA= 15-24 y/o (black)
Radio 2= +35 y/o (speech & music)
Radio 3= High culture (art & drama)
Radio 4= news, comedy, documentaries, drama
Radio 4 XTRA= Old Programme Repeats
Radio 5 Live= Sports & News
BBC Music= Old Music
BBC Asian Network= British Asians
BBC Local Radio= Rural Audience (40 stations)
BBC World Service= Global audience
Targeting their Audience
-Marketing
-Cross promotion
-Relies on social media participatory (young audience)
Breakfast Radio Schedule
- Mainstream Pop music with older music (1990’s)
- Music & short speech= upbeat to get you ‘up & out’
-Stripped schedule so audience are familiar with format.
-Different schedule on weekends
Audience Consumption
- Secondary Medium= often listened too whilst doing something else.
Home: 60%
Car: 24%
Work: 16%
Technology
DAB allows for national services to compete, and specialist channels to flourish.
Young people listen to music like podcasts- they can choose what and when!
The replacement from FM to DAB has been delayed where DAB is not available.
Audience Interaction
- Target Mass Audience
-Cheap interactions (live phone-ins)
-Involve audience; text, emails, tweets
- Audiences are encouraged to share on social media
Radio Culture
BBC have separate cultures for their stations.
The differences reflects different cultural expectations- Breakfast Show= young pop loving audience, friendly, informal, inclusive, adapts to current events and everyday activities.
Ways to Use Radio
Local + National- Local= audiences share identities and demographics. National= mass audience
Radio 1= Young audience, little cultural capital, upbeat
Radio 5= Male audience, news& sport, more cultural capital.
BBC separated their stations to target different audiences.
Cultural, Political & Economic Radio
Global Audiences- cheaply reached through the internet.
BBC still use radio transmissions as its cheaper and widely available in poorer countries.
