B7 - Structure, Function And Disrorders Of Th Nervous System

Question 1

What does the PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM INCLUDE?

Answer 1

Sensory organs like the skin, eyes, nose and tongue

Question 2

What is the function of the PERIPHERAL nervous system?

Answer 2

• receives messages from the environment then the information is relayed to the CNS (spinal cord and brain)
• brain interprets the message and passes a signal back to the PERIPHERAL nervous system
• the motor nerves then carry information to muscles and gland to stimulate a reaction

Question 3

What is the sympathetic nervous system?

Answer 3

This gets the body ready for immediate action and increases body rates by stimulating adrenaline from the adrenal gland

Question 4

What is the parasympathetic nervous system?

Answer 4

This slows the rates and relaxes the body

Question 5

What is the sympathetic response of the eyes?

Answer 5

Dilates pupils

Question 6

What is the sympathetic response of the saliva glands?

Answer 6

Inhabits flow of saliva

Question 7

What is the sympathetic response of the respiratory system (lungs)

Answer 7

Accelerates breathing and dilates bronchi

Question 8

What is the sympathetic response of the liver?

Answer 8

Releases bile

Question 9

What is the sympathetic response of the digestive system?

Answer 9

Inhibits digestion and secretion

Question 10

What is the sympathetic response of the bladder?

Answer 10

Inhibits its bladder contraction

Question 11

What is the sympathetic response of the cardiovascular system (heart)?

Answer 11

Increases heart beat

Question 12

What is the parasympathetic response of the eyes?

Answer 12

Constricts pupils

Question 13

What is the parasympathetic response of the saliva glands?

Answer 13

Stimulates flow of saliva

Question 14

What is the parasympathetic response of the respiratory system (lungs)?

Answer 14

Slows breathing and constricts bronchi

Question 15

What is the parasympathetic response of the cardiovascular system

Answer 15

Slows heart beat

Question 16

What is the parasympathetic response of the liver?

Answer 16

Converts glucagon into glucose

Question 17

What is the parasympathetic response of the digestive system?

Answer 17

Stimulates digestion

Question 18

What is the parasympathetic response of the bladder?

Answer 18

Contracts bladder

Question 19

What are the 3 disorders of the nervous system?

Answer 19

1. Parkinson’s
2. Multiple sclerosis
3. Dementia

Question 20

What is the cause of Parkinson’s disease?

Answer 20

• reduction in dopamine (responsible for smooth co-ordinated muscle movement)
• genetics, toxins, levy bodies (proteins)

Question 21

What are the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease?

Answer 21

• tremor/imbalnce
• muscle stiffness
• speech/writing difficulties
• hallucination/confusion

Question 22

What are the causes of multiple sclerosis?

Answer 22

• myelin sheath damage in each neurone which distrusts transmission of messages from brain to body
• autoimmune disease/persistent infection and

Question 23

What are the symptoms of multiple sclerosis?

Answer 23

• vision problems
• weakness

Question 24

What are the causes of dementia?

Answer 24

• Alzheimer’s which is a build up of abnormal proteins which form plaques in the brain
• vascular demntia which is a blockage of blood vessels in the brain/stroke or lots of mini strokes
• frontotemporal lobe which is by clumps of abnormal protein form in ginside the brain cells
• lewy bodies which is a build up of Lewy bodies

Question 25

What are the symptoms of dementia?

Answer 25

Alzheimer’s: disorientation, mood and behaviour changes, confusion about events, time and place Vascular dementia: difficulty organising, making decisions, slow speed, difficulty concentrating Frontotemporl lobe: personality changes, language changes, impulsive and irrational behaviour Lewy bodies: hallucination, problems understanding and memory confusion and sleepiness

Question 26

What is Parkinson’s disease?

Answer 26

This is a progressive neurological disorder that affects movement

Question 27

What is multiple sclerosis?

Answer 27

A chronic disease that affects the CNS

Question 28

What is dementia?

Answer 28

A range of cognitive impairments that interfere with daily life and activities