B7 - Structure, Function And Disrorders Of Th Nervous System Flashcards
What does the PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM INCLUDE?
Sensory organs like the skin, eyes, nose and tongue
What is the function of the PERIPHERAL nervous system?
- receives messages from the environment then the information is relayed to the CNS (spinal cord and brain)
- brain interprets the message and passes a signal back to the PERIPHERAL nervous system
- the motor nerves then carry information to muscles and gland to stimulate a reaction
What is the sympathetic nervous system?
This gets the body ready for immediate action and increases body rates by stimulating adrenaline from the adrenal gland
What is the parasympathetic nervous system?
This slows the rates and relaxes the body
What is the sympathetic response of the eyes?
Dilates pupils
What is the sympathetic response of the saliva glands?
Inhabits flow of saliva
What is the sympathetic response of the respiratory system (lungs)
Accelerates breathing and dilates bronchi
What is the sympathetic response of the liver?
Releases bile
What is the sympathetic response of the digestive system?
Inhibits digestion and secretion
What is the sympathetic response of the bladder?
Inhibits its bladder contraction
What is the sympathetic response of the cardiovascular system (heart)?
Increases heart beat
What is the parasympathetic response of the eyes?
Constricts pupils
What is the parasympathetic response of the saliva glands?
Stimulates flow of saliva
What is the parasympathetic response of the respiratory system (lungs)?
Slows breathing and constricts bronchi
What is the parasympathetic response of the cardiovascular system
Slows heart beat
What is the parasympathetic response of the liver?
Converts glucagon into glucose
What is the parasympathetic response of the digestive system?
Stimulates digestion
What is the parasympathetic response of the bladder?
Contracts bladder
What are the 3 disorders of the nervous system?
- Parkinson’s
- Multiple sclerosis
- Dementia
What is the cause of Parkinson’s disease?
- reduction in dopamine (responsible for smooth co-ordinated muscle movement)
- genetics, toxins, levy bodies (proteins)
What are the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease?
- tremor/imbalnce
- muscle stiffness
- speech/writing difficulties
- hallucination/confusion
What are the causes of multiple sclerosis?
- myelin sheath damage in each neurone which distrusts transmission of messages from brain to body
- autoimmune disease/persistent infection and
What are the symptoms of multiple sclerosis?
- vision problems
- weakness
What are the causes of dementia?
- Alzheimer’s which is a build up of abnormal proteins which form plaques in the brain
- vascular demntia which is a blockage of blood vessels in the brain/stroke or lots of mini strokes
- frontotemporal lobe which is by clumps of abnormal protein form in ginside the brain cells
- lewy bodies which is a build up of Lewy bodies
What are the symptoms of dementia?
Alzheimer’s: disorientation, mood and behaviour changes, confusion about events, time and place
Vascular dementia: difficulty organising, making decisions, slow speed, difficulty concentrating
Frontotemporl lobe: personality changes, language changes, impulsive and irrational behaviour
Lewy bodies: hallucination, problems understanding and memory confusion and sleepiness
What is Parkinson’s disease?
This is a progressive neurological disorder that affects movement
What is multiple sclerosis?
A chronic disease that affects the CNS
What is dementia?
A range of cognitive impairments that interfere with daily life and activities
