B7 (Non-Communicable Diseases)

Question 1

Effects of diet, smoking and exercise of Cardiovascular disease

Answer 1

Diet- cholesterol level and obesity
Exercise- bigger heart less chance of heart attacks
Smoking- chemicals narrow artery

Question 2

How obesity effects Type 2 diabetes

Answer 2

• more fat the less the body can control insulin
• therefore more and more insulin needed to produce and not enough so body can not control sugar levels in the bloodstream

Question 3

How alcohol effects the liver and brain

Answer 3

• tar replaces the cells with non functioning scar tissue (cirrhosis)
• breaks down the brain structure making it pulpy reducing functionality

Question 4

Smoking effects on unborn babies

Answer 4

• smoke restricts O2
• carbon monoxide damages cells stopping O2 from reaching
• can lead to premature birth, low birthweight and stillbirth

Question 5

Fetal Alcohol syndrome

Answer 5

• effect of drinking on an unborn baby

- causes physical abnormalities and phycological problems

Question 6

What are carcinogens

Answer 6

Substances capable of causing cancer through: chemical substances, viruses, medication and radiation

Question 7

How ionising radiation effects

Answer 7

• get into the cells and damages chromosomes

- mutations occur in the DNA

Question 8

Risk factors

Answer 8

influences that are linked to increase the rate of disease

Question 9

Tumours

Answer 9

Cells that grow in an abnormal way

Question 10

Benign tumours

Answer 10

• form in one place (membrane)

- can cause problems in vital tissues (blood vessels)

Question 11

Malignant Tumours

Answer 11

• cancers

- spread quickly and then form secondary tumours

Question 12

Radiotherapy

Answer 12

Cancer cells destroyed through radiation

Question 13

Chemotherapy

Answer 13

stop division and make the ‘self destruct’