B6 Organisation in plants

Question 1

Why is a leaf an organ?

Answer 1

As, there are many tissues inside it that work together to perform photosynthesis

Question 2

How is the upper epidermis adapted for its function?

Answer 2

Single layer of transparent cells allow light to pass through for photosynthesis

Cells secrete a waxy substance that makes leaves waterproof

Question 3

How is the palisade mesophyll adapted for its function?

Answer 3

Tightly packed cells with lots of chloroplasts to absorb as much light as possible

Question 4

How is the spongy mesophyll adapted for its function?

Answer 4

Air spaces increase the surface area to allow gases to diffuse quickly

Question 5

Function of guard cells

Answer 5

Control the opening and closing of the stomata

Question 6

Function of stomate

Answer 6

Allow gases to move in and out of the leaf

Question 7

Function of waxy cuticle

Answer 7

Keeps the leaf waterproof

Question 8

Function of xylem

Answer 8

Transport mineral ions and water from the roots to the rest of the plant

Question 9

Adaptations of the xylem

Answer 9

Made of dead cells

No end wall between cells

Wall strengthened by lignin to withstand pressures of the water

Question 10

Function of phloem

Answer 10

Transport dissolved sugars from the leaves to the rest of the plant

Question 11

Adaptations of phloem

Answer 11

Directional
Made of living cells

Question 12

Differences between phloem and xylem

Answer 12

Xylem is made of dead cells whereas the phloem is made of living cells

Xylem is unidirectional whereas the phloem is directional

Question 13

What is transpiration?

Answer 13

The evaporation and movement of water away from the plant’s leaves from the inside of the plant.

Question 14

What is translocation

Answer 14

The transport of dissolved sugars around a plant in the phloem.

Question 15

What is the purpose of transpiration?

Answer 15

-Provide water to keep cells turgid
-Provide water to leaves for photosynthesis
-Transport mineral ions to leaves

Question 16

4 factors that affect the rate of transpiration

Answer 16

Temperature
Light intensity
Humidity
Wind speed

Question 17

Where is the stomata found?

Answer 17

Underside of leaf

Question 18

Why is it advantageous that the stomata is on the underside of the lead?

Answer 18

Reduces the amount of water lost via evapouration

Question 19

Where does translocation take place?

Answer 19

Phloem

Question 20

Where does transpiration take place?

Answer 20

Xylem

Question 21

Transpiration stream

Answer 21

Constant movement of water up the plant