B12 Respiration Flashcards
Define the term cellular respiration.
An exothermic reaction that occurs continuously in the mitochondria of living cells to release energy from glucose
What do organisms need energy for?
Chemical reactions to build larger molecules
Muscle contraction for movement
Keeping warm
What is the difference between anaerobic and aerobic reaction?
Aerobic respiration uses oxygen
Aerobic respiration equation
Glucose + oxygen –> water + carbon dioxide
Anaerobic respiration equation
glucose –> lactic acid
Why does aerobic respiration release more energy than anaerobic respiration?
Oxidation of glucose is complete in aerobic respiration and incomplete in anaerobic respiration
What is anaerobic respiration in yeast cells called?
Fermentation
Anaerobic respiration in yeast cells and plant cells equation
glucose –> ethanol + carbon dioxide
How does the body supply the muscles with more blood during exercise?
Heart rate increases
Breathing rate increases
Breathing volume increases
What substance builds up in the muscles during anaerobic respiration?
Lactic acid
What happens to muscles during long periods of exercise?
Muscles become fatigued and stop contracting efficiently
What is oxygen debt
Amount of oxygen the body needs after exercise to react with the accumulated lactic acid and remove it from cells
How is lactic acid removed from the body?
Acid in muscles –> Blood transports to the liver –> Lactic acid converted back to glucose
What is metabolism?
Sum of all the reactions in a cell or the body
