B18 Adaptation

Question 1

What is a population?

Answer 1

Total number of organisms of the same species that live in a specific area

Question 2

What is a community?

Answer 2

Group of two or more populations of different species living in a specific area

Question 3

What is an ecosystem?

Answer 3

The interaction of a community of living organisms with non-living parts of their environment

Question 4

What is competition?

Answer 4

Contest between organisms within a community for resources

Question 5

What is interdependence?

Answer 5

When species in a community depend on others for resources and shelter

Question 6

What do animals compete for?

Answer 6

Food
Mates
Territory

Question 7

What do plants compete for?

Answer 7

Light
Space
Water
Mineral ions

Question 8

What is an abiotic factor?

Answer 8

Non-living factor that can affect a community

Question 9

Name 4 abiotic factors

Answer 9

CO2 Levels
Light intensity
Soil pH and mineral content
Temperature

Question 10

What is a biotic factor?

Answer 10

Living factor that can affect a community

Question 11

Name 4 biotic factors.

Answer 11

Food availability
Predators
Pathogens
Competitions between species

Question 12

What is a stable community?

Answer 12

When all species and environmental factors are in balance so, population size remains fairly constant

Question 13

How do adaptations help an organism?

Answer 13

They enable the organism to survive in the conditions in which it lives

Question 14

What are the 3 types of adaptations?

Answer 14

Structural
Behavioural
Functional

Question 15

What is an extremophile?

Answer 15

An organism that lives in a very extreme environment

Question 16

Name 5 things that can make an environment extreme.

Answer 16

Very high or low temps
Extreme pressures
High salt concentrations
Very acidic or alkaline
Lack of oxygen or water

Question 17

What are structural adaptations?

Answer 17

Physical features that allow an organism to successfully compete.

E.g Sharp teeth, camouflage

Question 18

What are behavioural adaptations?

Answer 18

Changes in behaviour that give an advantage to the organism

E.g Making nests to attract a mate

Question 19

What are functional adaptations?

Answer 19

Adaptations that are related to the essential processes for an organism to survive

E.g Photosynthesis, production of venoms

Question 20

Adaptations of a Polar Bear

Answer 20

• White fur for camouflage
• Feet with large SA to distribute area on snow
• Small ears for less heat loss
• Thick fur

Question 21

Adaptations of a Camel

Answer 21

• Feet with large SA to distribute area on sand
• Humps to store fat to provide energy when food is scarce
• Long eyelashes to keep sand out of eyes

Question 22

Adaptations of Cacti

Answer 22

• Spines instead of leaves to reduce SA, therefore reducing water loss
• Spikes to deter predators
• Long roots to reach water
• Large stems to store water