B6- DNA Flashcards
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic acid
What is the primary function of DNA?
Contains coded information for organism structure and function
Where is DNA located in animal and plant cells?
In the nucleus
What are chromosomes?
Really long structures of DNA that come in pairs
What shape does DNA take?
Double helix
What is a gene?
A small section of DNA found on a chromosome
What do genes code for?
Specific sequences of amino acids to make proteins
How many amino acids are commonly used to make proteins?
20 amino acids
What determines the type of cell produced by DNA?
The proteins the cell produces
What is a genome?
The entire set of genetic material in an organism
What significant project have scientists completed regarding the human genome?
Mapped the complete human genome
Why is understanding the human genome important for science and medicine?
Helps identify genes linked to diseases and develop treatments
How can scientists trace the migration of populations using genomes?
By investigating tiny differences in genomes among populations
Fill in the blank: DNA is a _______.
Polymer
True or False: Chromosomes are found in pairs.
True
