B5- Controlling Blood Glucose Flashcards
What hormones are primarily responsible for controlling blood glucose levels?
Insulin and Glucagon
These hormones are secreted by the pancreas and play crucial roles in regulating blood sugar.
What happens to blood glucose levels after eating foods containing carbohydrates?
Blood glucose increases
Carbohydrates are broken down into sugars, which enter the bloodstream.
How does vigorous exercise affect blood glucose levels?
Removes much more glucose from the blood
Physical activity increases glucose uptake by muscles.
What can excess glucose be stored as?
Glycogen
Glycogen is stored in the liver and muscles for later use.
What is the role of insulin in blood glucose regulation?
Insulin helps lower blood glucose levels
It facilitates the conversion of glucose into glycogen in the liver.
What is the role of glucagon in blood glucose regulation?
Glucagon helps raise blood glucose levels
It promotes the conversion of glycogen back into glucose in the liver.
What is the feedback mechanism used to control blood glucose levels?
Negative feedback cycle
Blood glucose levels are monitored and adjusted by the pancreas.
True or False: Type 1 diabetes is characterized by the pancreas producing little or no insulin.
True
This condition requires insulin therapy for management.
What is the typical treatment for Type 1 diabetes?
Insulin therapy with injections
Involves multiple injections throughout the day, especially at mealtimes.
What dietary considerations are important for managing Type 1 diabetes?
Limit intake of simple carbohydrates and regular exercise
Simple carbohydrates can cause rapid increases in blood glucose.
What is the main issue in Type 2 diabetes?
Insulin resistance
The body produces insulin but cells do not respond properly to it.
What are major risk factors for developing Type 2 diabetes?
Obesity and being overweight
These factors significantly increase the risk of insulin resistance.
How can Type 2 diabetes be managed?
Carbohydrate-controlled diet and regular exercise
Lifestyle changes are crucial for managing blood sugar levels.
Fill in the blank: The pancreas secretes _______ to lower blood glucose levels.
Insulin
Fill in the blank: In Type 1 diabetes, individuals require _______ therapy.
Insulin