B5- Controlling Fertility Flashcards

1
Q

What is the primary goal of contraception?

A

To stop sperm from reaching the ovulated egg

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2
Q

How does oestrogen function in contraception?

A

Prevents the release of an egg by inhibiting FSH production

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3
Q

True or False: Oestrogen naturally stimulates the release of eggs.

A

True

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4
Q

What effect does progesterone have on fertility?

A

Stimulates the production of thick mucus that prevents sperm from reaching the egg

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5
Q

What is the combined oral contraceptive pill?

A

An oral contraceptive containing oestrogen and progesterone

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6
Q

What is the effectiveness rate of the combined oral contraceptive pill?

A

Over 99% effective at preventing pregnancy

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7
Q

What are some side effects of the combined oral contraceptive pill?

A

Headaches and nausea

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8
Q

What is a progesterone-only pill?

A

A contraceptive pill with fewer side effects and equal effectiveness compared to the combined pill

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9
Q

What does the contraceptive patch contain?

A

Oestrogen and progesterone

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10
Q

How long does a contraceptive patch last?

A

One week

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11
Q

Where is the contraceptive implant inserted?

A

Under the skin of the arm

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12
Q

How long can a contraceptive implant last?

A

Three years

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13
Q

What does the contraceptive injection contain?

A

Progesterone

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14
Q

How long does each dose of the contraceptive injection last?

A

2 to 3 months

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15
Q

What is an intrauterine device (IUD)?

A

An I-shaped device inserted into the uterus to kill sperm and prevent implantation

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16
Q

What are the two main types of IUDs?

A
  • Plastic IUDs that release progesterone
  • Copper IUDs that prevent sperm survival
17
Q

What is the purpose of non-hormonal forms of contraception?

A

To stop sperm from reaching the egg

18
Q

What are condoms used for?

A

To prevent sperm from entering the vagina

19
Q

True or False: Condoms protect against sexually transmitted diseases.

20
Q

What is a diaphragm in the context of contraception?

A

A shallow plastic cup that fits over the cervix to form a barrier

21
Q

What must a diaphragm be used with?

A

Spermicide

22
Q

What is the effectiveness rate of spermicide when used alone?

A

About 70-80%

23
Q

What does sterilisation involve?

A

Cutting or tying the fallopian tubes in females or sperm duct in males

24
Q

Is sterilisation a temporary or permanent procedure?

25
What are natural methods of contraception?
Avoiding intercourse during the woman's most fertile days
26
Why might some people choose natural methods of contraception?
They believe hormonal and barrier methods are unnatural
27
What is the only method that guarantees no sperm and egg meeting?
Abstinence