B4- Aerobic And Anaerobic Respiration Flashcards
What is aerobic respiration?
Respiration using oxygen, the most efficient way to transfer energy from glucose.
It occurs all the time in plants and animals.
Where do most reactions of aerobic respiration take place?
Inside mitochondria.
Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell.
What are the word and symbol equations for aerobic respiration?
glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water
CH₆O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O
This equation represents the complete oxidation of glucose.
What happens during vigorous exercise regarding respiration?
Anaerobic respiration occurs when the body can’t supply enough oxygen to muscles.
This allows muscles to continue functioning under low oxygen conditions.
What does ‘anaerobic’ mean?
Without oxygen.
Anaerobic respiration involves the incomplete breakdown of glucose.
What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in muscle cells?
glucose → lactic acid
Lactic acid can accumulate in muscles, leading to fatigue.
How does anaerobic respiration compare to aerobic respiration in terms of energy transfer?
Anaerobic respiration does not transfer nearly as much energy as aerobic respiration.
This is due to glucose not being fully oxidised.
When is anaerobic respiration useful?
In emergencies, e.g., during exercise.
It allows for continued muscle use when oxygen is scarce.
What do plants and yeast produce during anaerobic respiration?
Ethanol (alcohol) and carbon dioxide instead of lactic acid.
This process is essential for fermentation.
What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in plants and yeast?
glucose → ethanol + carbon dioxide
This equation reflects the fermentation process.
What is anaerobic respiration in yeast cells called?
Fermentation.
Fermentation is critical in food and drink production.
Why is fermentation by yeast valuable in the food and drinks industry?
It’s used to make bread and alcoholic drinks, e.g., beer and wine.
The carbon dioxide produced makes bread rise.
What role does carbon dioxide play in bread-making?
It makes bread rise.
This is a result of the fermentation process.
What does the fermentation process produce in beer and wine-making?
Alcohol.
The fermentation process is crucial for the production of these beverages.
