B4-068 Pyogenic Model

Question 1

responsible for 80% of pus forming infections

Answer 1

S. aureus

Question 2

mixture of living and dead neutrophils, bacteria, and cellular debris

Answer 2

pus

Question 3

pus usually forms in an area of […] infection

Answer 3

persistent

Question 4

circumscribed collection of pus associated with infection is called an

Answer 4

abscess

Question 5

abscesses are relatively inaccessible to

2

Answer 5

antibiodies and antibiotics

need to be drained

Question 6

TLR activates

Answer 6

macrophages

Question 7

gram +
grapelike clusters

Answer 7

S. aureus

Question 8

patient populations most likely to be colonized with S. aureus

3

Answer 8

• healthcare workers
• diabetics
• dialysis patients

Question 9

S. aureus clings to nasal epithelial ligands via

2

Answer 9

clf-B
IsdA

Question 10

main site of colonization with S aureus

Answer 10

anterior nares

Question 11

tender pustule involving hair folllicle

Answer 11

folliculits

Question 12

small abscess that exudes purulent material from a single opening

Answer 12

furuncle

Question 13

aggregate of furuncles with several openings

Answer 13

carbuncle

Question 14

unilateral warmth, erythema and tenderness of the joint

Answer 14

septic arthritis

Question 15

high fever, peripheral emboli

Answer 15

endocarditis

Question 16

risk factors for endocarditis

5

Answer 16

• prosthetic heart valves
• cardiac abnormalities
• IV drug use
• IV catheter
• bacteremia

Question 17

can cause early infection in cystic fibrosis

Answer 17

S aureus

Question 18

catheter associated infections are usually associated with

Answer 18

S. epidermidis

Question 19

UTIs in sexually active young women are often due to

Answer 19

S. saprophyticus

Question 20

the capsule of S. aureus helps to resist

Answer 20

phagocytosis

Question 21

binds to the heavy chain of antibody, can inhibit opsonization

Answer 21

protein A

S. aureus

Question 22

S. aureus can activate the classical complement pathway via

Answer 22

Protein A

Question 23

binds fibrinogen and causes production of fibrin

Answer 23

coagulase

S. aureus

Question 24

breaks down fibrin and blood clots

Answer 24

staphylokinase

S. aureus

Question 25

* exotoxin * causes leukocyte destruction and necrosis in skin and lungs

Answer 25

Panton-Valentin leukocidin (PVL) | S. aureus (less than 5% of strains)

Question 26

* result in scalded skin syndrome * fever, erythema, blisters * positive Nikolsky's sign | 2

Answer 26

ETA, ETB | exfoliatin toxins

Question 27

* localized scalded skin syndrome * primarily in infants and young children * culture positive * highly communicable * Nikosky's negative

Answer 27

bullous impetigo

Question 28

enterotoxins A-E and G-I are resposible for

Answer 28

food poisoning

Question 29

bind to MHC class II and interact with beta chain causing non-specific activation

Answer 29

superantigens | enterotoxins A-E and G-I

Question 30

often localized to the gut but can be fatal if systemic

Answer 30

enterotoxins

Question 31

associated with stains that produce TSST-1

Answer 31

toxic shock syndrome | also enterotoxin B and C

Question 32

fever diffuse macular rash (sunburn) hypotension with systemic involvement

Answer 32

toxic shock syndrome

Question 33

[...] patients are much more susceptible to serious infections with S aureus

Answer 33

neutropenic

Question 34

produced by macrophages to recruit neutrophils

Answer 34

IL-8

Question 35

IgG binds to antigens on S. aureus and attach to phagocyte via

Answer 35

FcyR | **type II hypersensitivity**

Question 36

S. aureus activates what two complement pathways?

Answer 36

1. classical -via antibody binding 2. alternative via teichoic acid

Question 37

C3b binds to bacteria and is broken down by Factor I into

Answer 37

iC3b

Question 38

iC3b binds to CR3 and CR4 allowing for

Answer 38

phagocytosis

Question 39

recognition of S. aureus by [...] on macrophages and dendritic cells is the most important activator of the innate system

Answer 39

TLR2

Question 40

women who experience TSS have lower antibodies against

Answer 40

TSST-1 | possible vaccination development

Question 41

most common cause of abscesses in humans

Answer 41

S. aureus

Question 42

* gram positive * high temperature tolerant * haloduric * beta hemolytic * yellow color on mannitol salt

Answer 42

s. aureus

Question 43

most usual source of staph enterotoxin food poisoning

Answer 43

food preparer has S. aureus on hands

Question 44

* Gram positive * catalase positive * coagulase positive * cocci

Answer 44

S. aureus

Question 45

bacterial endocarditis in IV drug users is most commonly caused by | 2

Answer 45

Staph or strep

Question 46

Protein A binds to human IgG and activates

Answer 46

classical complement pathway

Question 47

Protein A can bind to the [...] chain of Ig

Answer 47

H

Question 48

what makes protein A a super antigen?

Answer 48

* binds to H chain of Ig * on B cells this causes a nonspecific activation of that B cell

Question 49

activates plasminogen to form plasmin

Answer 49

staphylokinase

Question 50

causes bullae, peeling and positive nikolsky sign

Answer 50

staphylococcal exfoliatin

Question 51

which aspect of the immune system is most crucial for protection against S. aureus?

Answer 51

opsonization

Question 52

plays little role in destroying gram positive organisms

Answer 52

MAC