B4-051 Acid-Base Regulation by the Lung

Question 1

which point represents mixed respiratory and metabolic acidosis?

Answer 1

point 6

Question 2

identify non-compensated respiratory acidosis

Answer 2

point 5

Question 3

identify compensated respiratory alkalosis

Answer 3

point 7

Question 4

if the kidney excretes more alkaline urine during alkalosis, this

Answer 4

lowers pH toward baseline

Question 5

during respiratory alkalosis, respiratory ventilation is

Answer 5

increased

CO2 decreases

Question 6

indentify compensated metabolic acidosis

Answer 6

point 2

Question 7

decreased alveolar ventilation will […] PaO2 and […] HCO3

Answer 7

decrease PaO2
increase HCO3

Question 8

the compensation to metabolic acidosis is to

Answer 8

increase ventilation

will decrease bicarb and PCO2

Question 9

the arterial hydrogen ion concentration and respiratory rate would be increased in compensated

Answer 9

metabolic acidosis

Question 10

low PaO2 activates the chemoreceptors to

Answer 10

increase ventilation

Question 11

pulmonary artery pressure increases in response to

Answer 11

hypoxia

Question 12

stress can trigger the

Answer 12

sympathetic nervous system

Question 13

[…] are released during periods of increased stress

Answer 13

cortisol

Question 14

associated with anxiety, depression and activation of HPA axis and SNS

Answer 14

glucocorticoids

cortisol

Question 15

stress is part of the […] response

Answer 15

fight or flight

Question 16

three stages of the general adaptation response

Answer 16

Alarm
Resistance
Exhaustion

Question 17

associated with chronic stress and negative health outcomes due to chronic stress

Answer 17

exhaustion

of GAS

Question 18

what phase of GAS is associated with “fight or flight”

Answer 18

alarm

Question 19

uncompensated respiratory acidosis:
pH:
PCO2:
HCO3:

Answer 19

pH: low
PCO2: high
HCO3: slightly high

Question 20

compensated respiratory acidosis:
pH:
PCO2:
HCO3:

Answer 20

pH: low, moving toward baseline
PCO2: high
HCO3: very high due to compensatory production of acidic urine

Question 21

uncompensated metabolic acidosis
pH:
PCO2:
HCO3:

Answer 21

pH: low
PCO2: normal
HCO3: low

Question 22

compensated metabolic acidosis
pH:
PCO2:
HCO3:

Answer 22

pH: slightly low, moving toward baseline
PCO2: decreased due to compensatory hyperventilation
HCO3: very low; decreased more due to decrease PCO2

Question 23

uncompensated respiratory alkalosis:
pH:
PCO2:
HCO3:

Answer 23

pH: high
PCO2: low
HCO3: slightly low

Question 24

compensated respiratory alkalosis:
pH:
PCO2:
HCO3:

Answer 24

pH: slightly high, moving toward baseline
PCO2: low
HCO3: very low due to compensatory alkalotic urine production

Question 25

uncompensated metabolic alkalosis: pH: PCO2: HCO3:

Answer 25

pH: high PCO2: normal HCO3: increased

Question 26

compensated metabolic alkalosis pH: PCO2: HCO3:

Answer 26

pH: slightly high, moving toward baseline PCO2: high due to compensatory hypoventilation HCO3: very high due to increased PCO2

Question 27

identify mixed respiratory alkalosis and metabolic alkalosis

Answer 27

point 3

Question 28

identify compensated respiratory acidosis

Answer 28

point 1

Question 29

identify non compensated respiratory alkalosis

Answer 29

point 4

Question 30

identify compensated respiratory alkalosis

Answer 30

point 7

Question 31

short term hypoventilation can cause

Answer 31

respiratory acidosis

Question 32

long term hypoventilation, as in COPD can cause

Answer 32

compensated respiratory acidosis

Question 33

short term hyperventilation due to anxiety/drugs can cause

Answer 33

respiratory alkalosis

Question 34

chronic hyperventilation, such as weeks at a high altitude can cause

Answer 34

compensated respiratory alkalosis

Question 35

uncompensated DM and increased lactic acid production due to shock can cause

Answer 35

metabolic acidosis

Question 36

identify non compensated metabolic acidosis

Answer 36

point 8

Question 37

identify metabolic acidosis with respiratory compensation

Answer 37

point 2

Question 38

acid loss through vomiting can cause

Answer 38

metabolic alkalosis

Question 39

peripheral chemoreceptors respond to a

Answer 39

decrease in PO2

Question 40

compensation for metabolic alkalosis is

Answer 40

hypoventilation

Question 41

compensation for metabolic acidosis is

Answer 41

hyperventilation