B4-051 Acid-Base Regulation by the Lung Flashcards
which point represents mixed respiratory and metabolic acidosis?
point 6
identify non-compensated respiratory acidosis
point 5
identify compensated respiratory alkalosis
point 7
if the kidney excretes more alkaline urine during alkalosis, this
lowers pH toward baseline
during respiratory alkalosis, respiratory ventilation is
increased
CO2 decreases
indentify compensated metabolic acidosis
point 2
decreased alveolar ventilation will […] PaO2 and […] HCO3
decrease PaO2
increase HCO3
the compensation to metabolic acidosis is to
increase ventilation
will decrease bicarb and PCO2
the arterial hydrogen ion concentration and respiratory rate would be increased in compensated
metabolic acidosis
low PaO2 activates the chemoreceptors to
increase ventilation
pulmonary artery pressure increases in response to
hypoxia
stress can trigger the
sympathetic nervous system
[…] are released during periods of increased stress
cortisol
associated with anxiety, depression and activation of HPA axis and SNS
glucocorticoids
cortisol
stress is part of the […] response
fight or flight
three stages of the general adaptation response
Alarm
Resistance
Exhaustion
associated with chronic stress and negative health outcomes due to chronic stress
exhaustion
of GAS
what phase of GAS is associated with “fight or flight”
alarm
uncompensated respiratory acidosis:
pH:
PCO2:
HCO3:
pH: low
PCO2: high
HCO3: slightly high
compensated respiratory acidosis:
pH:
PCO2:
HCO3:
pH: low, moving toward baseline
PCO2: high
HCO3: very high due to compensatory production of acidic urine
uncompensated metabolic acidosis
pH:
PCO2:
HCO3:
pH: low
PCO2: normal
HCO3: low
compensated metabolic acidosis
pH:
PCO2:
HCO3:
pH: slightly low, moving toward baseline
PCO2: decreased due to compensatory hyperventilation
HCO3: very low; decreased more due to decrease PCO2
uncompensated respiratory alkalosis:
pH:
PCO2:
HCO3:
pH: high
PCO2: low
HCO3: slightly low
compensated respiratory alkalosis:
pH:
PCO2:
HCO3:
pH: slightly high, moving toward baseline
PCO2: low
HCO3: very low due to compensatory alkalotic urine production
uncompensated metabolic alkalosis:
pH:
PCO2:
HCO3:
pH: high
PCO2: normal
HCO3: increased
compensated metabolic alkalosis
pH:
PCO2:
HCO3:
pH: slightly high, moving toward baseline
PCO2: high due to compensatory hypoventilation
HCO3: very high due to increased PCO2
identify mixed respiratory alkalosis and metabolic alkalosis
point 3
identify compensated respiratory acidosis
point 1
identify non compensated respiratory alkalosis
point 4
identify compensated respiratory alkalosis
point 7
short term hypoventilation can cause
respiratory acidosis
long term hypoventilation, as in COPD can cause
compensated respiratory acidosis
short term hyperventilation due to anxiety/drugs can cause
respiratory alkalosis
chronic hyperventilation, such as weeks at a high altitude can cause
compensated respiratory alkalosis
uncompensated DM and increased lactic acid production due to shock can cause
metabolic acidosis
identify non compensated metabolic acidosis
point 8
identify metabolic acidosis with respiratory compensation
point 2
acid loss through vomiting can cause
metabolic alkalosis
peripheral chemoreceptors respond to a
decrease in PO2
compensation for metabolic alkalosis is
hypoventilation
compensation for metabolic acidosis is
hyperventilation
