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CP Test 3 > B4-033 Cell Biology/Histology of the Respiratory System > Flashcards

B4-033 Cell Biology/Histology of the Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

mitotically active and produce neuronal cells throughout their life

A

basal cells

olfactory epithelium

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2
Q

secrete a serous fluid containing OBP which binds to odorants on cilia

A

olfactory glands

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3
Q

secrete IgA that is transported into the lumen of the olfactory gland

A

plasma cell

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4
Q

functions as antiseptic paste in olfactory tract

A

secretory IgA

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5
Q

stem cells of olfactory epithelium

A

basal cells

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6
Q

supporting cells of olfactory epithelium

A

sustentacular cells

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7
Q

nasal/oral cavities to terminal bronchioles makes up the […] system

A

conducting

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8
Q

respiratory bronchioles and alveoli make up the […] system

A

respiratory

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9
Q

carries oxygenated blood to the walls of the bronchi, arteries, veins, and connective tissue septa

A

bronchial artery

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10
Q

structure that supports and holds open trachea

A

c shaped hyaline cartilage rings

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11
Q

in the bronchi, rings of cartilage are replaced by

A

plates of cartilage

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12
Q

mucous comes from

2 structures

A

goblet cells
submucosal glands

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13
Q

process by which cilia move mucous up and out of the respiratory system

A

mucociliary escalator

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14
Q

in the bronchiole, smooth muscle fibers are oriented

A

concentrically

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15
Q

in the bronchiole, elastic fibers are oriented

A

longitudinally

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16
Q
A

terminal bronchiole

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17
Q

as the number of goblet cell decreases, […..] cells appear in the epithelial layer

A

nonciliated Clara cells

club cells

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18
Q

secrete surfactant material that coats the bronchiolar epithelium

A

club/clara cells

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19
Q
  • increases pulmonary compliance
  • prevents atelectasis
  • keeps airways dry
  • opsonize pathogens
A

surfactant

20
Q

IRDS is a caused by a lack of

A

surfactant

synthesized around 28 weeks

21
Q

cell with very, very thin cytoplasm lining the alveolar sac

A

Type I pneumocyte

22
Q

cuboidal cell that secretes surfactant in alveolar sac

A

pneumocyte type II

23
Q

phagocytose material in the alveolar sac

A

alveolar macrophage

24
Q

remove old surfactant in the alveolar sac

A

alveolar macrophage

25
Q

identify: P1, P2, M, and C

A
26
Q

pulmonary surfactant composition

A

80% phospholipids
10% neutral lipids
10% surfactant proteins

27
Q

rarely causes lower respiratory infections because it doesn’t grow well about 37 degree

A

rhinovirus

28
Q

binds to ACE2 receptors

A

COVID-19

29
Q

why is sense of smell lost in COVID?

A

virus binds to ACE2 receptors in olfactory epithelium

30
Q

covid targets ACE2 receptors also located on type 2 pneumocytes causing

A

alveolar collapse

loss of surfactant

31
Q

common nosocomial infection

A

pneumonia

32
Q

clots embedded in vessels of lungs causes

A

PE

33
Q

produce surfactant

A

type 2 pneumocytes

34
Q

infant respiratory distress syndrome is caused by

A

lack of surfactant

35
Q

cells that produce mucus

A

goblet cells

36
Q

thin cells across which gas exchange occurs by diffusion

A

type I pneumocytes

37
Q

non-ciliated cells with round apical surface projections

A

clara/club cells

38
Q

produce proteins that protect airway against injury or infection

A

club/clara cells

39
Q

permit gas exchange across their cytoplasm

A

type I pneumocytes

40
Q

what 3 structures form the blood-air-barrier?

A
  1. type 1 pneumocyte
  2. combined basement membrane
  3. endothelial cells
41
Q

interface with the circulating blood

A

endothelial cells

42
Q

provide an anticoagulant barrier between the vessel wall and blood

A

endothelial cells

43
Q

produce inflammatory cytokines

A

pulmonary macrophages

44
Q

allow collateral air circulation to pass between adjacent alveoli

A

pores of Kohn

45
Q

allow communication between alveoli

A

pores of Kohn

46
Q

provide a collateral pathway if small bronchioles become obstructed

A

pores of Kohn

CP Test 3 (17 decks)

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