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CP Test 3 > B4-032 Asthma > Flashcards

B4-032 Asthma Flashcards

1
Q

the profound healthcare costs of asthma stem from

A

acute management with urgent cares and ERs

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2
Q

coughing in asthma is typically at what times of day?

A

early morning or night

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3
Q

what type of cell is predominate during acute exacerbation of asthma?

A

neutrophils

mast cells and eosinophils also present

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4
Q

associated with […] that is often reversible with/without treatment

A

variable airflow obstruction

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5
Q

association of molecular mechanisms to certain phenotypes

A

endotypes

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6
Q

treatment targeted at a patient’s specific endotype

A

precision medicine

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7
Q

T2- High Phenotypes

3

A
  • early onset allergic asthma
  • late onset eosinophilic asthma
  • aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease
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8
Q
  • onsets before age 12
  • strong allergic and family hx
  • positive allergen skin tests and IgE
A

early onset allergic asthma

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9
Q
  • adult onset
  • steroid resistant
  • comorbid chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyposis
  • blood/sputum eosinophilia
  • high IL5, IL13, IgE, and exhaled NO
A

late onset eosinophilic asthma

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10
Q
  • asthma
  • chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis
  • acute respiratory tract reactions to ASA or COX-1 NSAIDs
A

AERD

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11
Q

expiratory wheeze

A

asthma

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12
Q

stridor is associated with

A

vocal cord dysfunction

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13
Q

what test diagnosis asthma?

A

no single test

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14
Q

severity of asthma is determined by

2 things

A

impairment
risk

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15
Q

chronic therapies for asthma

5

A
  • trigger avoidance
  • inhaled corticosteroids
  • leukotriene inhibitors
  • biologics
  • allergy shots
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16
Q

single steps to reduce exposure are generally

A

uneffective

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17
Q

standard of care for treatment of asthma

A

inhaled corticosteroids

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18
Q

once the symptoms are well controlled

A

deescalatate steroids

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19
Q

rule of 1/3s

A

pertains to symptoms during pregnancy
1/3 no symptoms
1/3 get worse
1/3 get better

20
Q

risk associated with poorly controlled asthma in pregnancy

4

A
  • increased perinatal mortality
  • low birth weight
  • preeclampsia
  • preterm birth
21
Q

the move to precision based medicine puts what treatment at the forefront for severe asthma?

A

biologics

22
Q

does wheezing have to be present for a diagnosis of asthma?

A

no

23
Q

symptoms of asthma

A
  • wheezing
  • coughing
  • recurrent bronchitis
  • shortness of breath
24
Q

common triggers

A
  • exposure to irritants
  • infection
  • weather changes
  • anxiety
  • reflux disease
25
Q

identifying and recognizing […] is a key component of well controlled asthma

A

triggers

26
Q

can acid reflux contribute to asthma symptoms?

A

yes if poorly controlled

27
Q

are bronchodilators meant for daily use?

A

no

28
Q

help control the airway inflammation associated with asthma and prevent symptoms

A

long term controller medications

29
Q

open airways quickly so that more air can flow though

A

quick relief bronchodilators

30
Q

airway remodeling is caused by

A

permanent scarring due to long term inflammation

31
Q

for best results, the optimal patient for pulmonary function testing is

A

cooperative and able to understand instructions and give forceful respiratory effort

32
Q

benefits of inhaled corticosteroids

A
  • improved lung function
  • reduced risk of asthma attacks
  • decrease airway hyperresponsiveness
  • improve symptoms
33
Q

key elements of self-management of asthma

A
  • recognizing presence and severity of an attack
  • knowing when to get help
  • instensifying therapy
34
Q

step 5 therapy recommends

A

increasing to high dose inhaled steroid

35
Q

step 4-6 therapy recommends considering

A

allergy immunotherapy
or
Omalizumab (IgE inhibitor)

36
Q

samter’s triad

A

asthma, nasal polyps, aspirin sensitivity

37
Q

mainstay of asthma treatment

A

inhaled corticosteroids

38
Q

beclomethasone is an

A

inhaled corticosteroid

39
Q

comolyn sodium is a

A

mast cell stabilizer

40
Q

can be useful in addition to inhaled corticosteroids

ecspecially extrinisic allergic asthma

A

leukotriene inhibitor

41
Q

in patients with difficult to control asthma already on inhaled corticosteroids and luekotriene inhibitos, consider

A

ipratropium bromide

42
Q

IL-5 inhibitors are used to treat

A

severe persistent asthma

43
Q

top three causes of cough

A
  • asthma
  • GERD
  • postnasal drip
44
Q

preferred treatment for patients with moderate persistent asthma

A

ICS/formoterol for daily and rescue therapy

45
Q

allergen mitigation is not recommended unless

A

patient has historical or allergen testing of indoor allergens

46
Q

individuals with asthma of any severity should be assessed for

A

allergens at home/work, symptoms on exposure, and allergy testing

if none identified, no need for allergen mitigation

CP Test 3 (17 decks)

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