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CP Test 3 > B4-039 Smoking Cessation > Flashcards

B4-039 Smoking Cessation Flashcards

1
Q

most important smoking related infection worldwide

A

tuberculosis

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2
Q

associated with a 3-fold increases in TB and TB related mortality

A

smoking

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3
Q

there is a strong dose-response between cigarette smoking and […] infections

A

pneumococcal

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4
Q

both active and passive smokers are at an increased risk of what vaccine preventable disease?

A

pneumococcal pneumonia

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5
Q

ACIP recommends what vaccination for all adult smokers?

A

pneumococcal polysaccaride vaccine

PPSV23 (this seems low yield)

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6
Q

increases the risk of CVD, SCD, peripheral vascular disease, and aortic aneuryms

A

smoking

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7
Q

aortic aneuryms are associated with

A
  • smoking
  • male gender
  • increasing age
  • atherosclerosis
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8
Q

smoking is direct risk factor to aortic aneurysm due to causing

A

endothelial dysfunction and injury

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9
Q

smoking inhances coaguability via causing

A

endothelial dysfunction and injury

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10
Q

enhanced coaguability due to smoking increases the risk of stroke in what population?

A

those taking oral contraceptives

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11
Q

smoking + oral contraceptives increases the risk of

A

stroke

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12
Q

oral contraceptives are contraindicated in women 35 or older smoking [how many cigarettes]

A

more than 15 cigarettes/day

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13
Q

how does cigarette smoking delay wound healing?

A
  • local vasoconstriction
  • local thrombosis
  • reduced oxygen carrying capacity
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14
Q

smoking cessation prior to surgery can decrease the risk of

A

post-op wound and respiratory complications

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15
Q

smoking is most prevalent in what patient population?

A

those with mental illness

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16
Q

higher rates of smoking are closely associated with what SES factors?

A
  • poverty
  • low education
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17
Q

work synergistically with cigarettes to increase the risk of lung cancer

2

A
  • asbestos
  • alpha radiation (uranium miners)
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18
Q

marker of high nicotine dependency

A

having first cigarette within 30 min of waking

19
Q

nicotine half-life

A

approx. 2 hours

20
Q

why is the first morning cigarette particularly enjoyable?

A

nearly all nicotine has left the body during sleep, so the nicotine receptors are empty

21
Q

nicotinic receptor agonist antagonist

A

varenicline

22
Q

nicotine nasal spray is a nicotinic receptor

A

agonist

23
Q

a vast majority of deaths due to secondhand smoke are caused by

A

heart disease

24
Q

symptoms of withdrawal

A
  • difficulty concentrating
  • anxiety
  • irritability
  • restlessness
  • hunger
  • cravings for tobacco
  • disturbed sleep
  • depression
25
Q

increased HR, euphoria and decreased appetite are effects of

A

nicotine

26
Q

smoking during pregnancy is associated with

A

preterm delivery and low birthweight

27
Q

why does smoking in pregnancy cause preterm labor and low birthweight?

A

nicotine causes vasoconstriction leading to reduced fetal growth and neurotoxicity

careful with any nicotine replacement for pregnant patients

28
Q

can increase the risk of seizure

A

bupropion

29
Q

causes transient increases in heart rate and blood pressure

A

nicotine

30
Q

is nicotine replacement therapy safe for someone with stable heart disease?

A

yes, chronic nicotine exposure seems to have little effect on CV system

effects of nicotine are acute

31
Q

most common death associated with environmental tobacco smoke

A

heart disease

32
Q

stimulates arousal, pleasure, appetite suppression and improved concentration

A

nicotine

33
Q

COPD patients must have a FEV1/FVC ratio less than […] to meet diagnostic requirements

A

70%

34
Q

[emphysema/chronic bronchitis] has reduction in diffusion capacity

A

emphysema

35
Q

[emphysema/chronic bronchitis] has normal diffusing capacity

A

chronic bronchitis

36
Q

complication of pulmonary hypertension associated with chronic lung disease/hypoxemia

A

cor pulmonale

37
Q

in a patient with long standing COPD, metabolic alkalosis is compensatory for

A

chronic respiratory acidosis

38
Q

why does COPD cause chronic respiratory acidosis?

A

retained CO2

39
Q

most common cause of acute exacerbation of COPD

A

viral infection

rhinovirus

40
Q

acute respiratory infection secondary to viruses is the most common cause of

A

acute exacerbation of COPD

41
Q

BPAP improves

A

minute ventilation

42
Q

binds the acetylcholine receptor on the airway smooth muscle

A

ipratropium

43
Q

ipratropium binds the

A

acetylcholine receptor

44
Q

binds the beta receptor on airway smooth muscle

A

albuterol

CP Test 3 (17 decks)

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