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BACTERIOLOGY > B3.2 NEISSERIA GONORRHEAE (GONOCOCCOCI) > Flashcards

B3.2 NEISSERIA GONORRHEAE (GONOCOCCOCI) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Gram stain characteristic of Neisseria gonorrhoeae?

A

Gram-negative diplococci

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2
Q

Is Neisseria gonorrhoeae intracellular or extracellular?

A

Both intracellular and extracellular.

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3
Q

What carbohydrate does Neisseria gonorrhoeae ferment

A

Glucose

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4
Q

Is Neisseria gonorrhoeae part of the normal human microbiota?

A

No

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5
Q

What type of media is required for the growth of Neisseria gonorrhoeae?

A

Enriched chocolate agar plate (CAP).

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6
Q

What is the primary mode of transmission for Neisseria gonorrhoeae?

A

Sexual contact.

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7
Q

What sites are primarily affected by Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections?

A

Urethra, endocervix, anal canal, pharynx, and conjunctiva.

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8
Q

Virulence Factors of N. gonorrhea

A

Common Pili

Cell outer membrane proteins I, II, and III and Lipooligosaccharide (LOS)

Receptors for human transferrin

IgA protease

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9
Q

What is the principal virulence factor of Neisseria gonorrhoeae?

A

Common pili

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10
Q

What do T1-T2 gonococcal strains possess?

A

Pili; they are virulent

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11
Q

What type of colonies do T3-T5 gonococcal strains form?

A

Larger, flatter colonies (avirulent).

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12
Q

in Neisseria gonorrhoeae this compound Mediates tissue damage and elicits an inflammatory response

A

LOS endotoxin

Lipooligosaccharide (LOS)

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13
Q

Protects against the host’s inflammatory response and serum complement-mediated killing in Neisseria gonorrhoeae

A

porB

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14
Q

Which protein of Neisseria gonorrhoeae blocks the bactericidal effect of host IgG?

A

Protein III (Rmp)

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15
Q

What enzyme cleaves IgA on mucosal surfaces in Neisseria gonorrhoeae?

A

IgA protease

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16
Q

What receptor is used by Neisseria gonorrhoeae to acquire iron?

A

Receptors for human transferrin

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17
Q

Related Infections And Disease from N. gonorrheae

A

Gonorrhea

Gonorrheal Arthritis-Dermatitis Syndrome

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18
Q

What is the incubation period for gonorrhea?

A

2 to 7 days.

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19
Q

What are common symptoms of gonorrhea in men

A

Purulent discharge and dysuria

20
Q

What complications can arise from pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) caused by gonorrhea?

A

Sterility, ectopic pregnancy, or perihepatitis (Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome).

21
Q

Gonococcal eye infection acquired during vaginal delivery.

A

ophthalmia neonatorum

22
Q

How is ophthalmia neonatorum prevented?

A

By applying

tetracycline,
erythromycin,
povidone-iodine, or
silver nitrate

to newborns’ eyes.

23
Q

What joints are commonly affected in gonorrheal arthritis-dermatitis syndrome?

A

Wrist, knee, and ankle

24
Q

What specimen types are collected for diagnosing Neisseria gonorrhoeae

A

Discharge, swabs from urethra, cervix, anal canal, oropharynx, skin lesions, joints, and blood

25
Q

What swabs are preferred for collecting specimens for Neisseria gonorrhoeae

A

Dacron or rayon swabs

26
Q

What medium is used to transport specimens for Neisseria gonorrhoeae?

A

Amies medium with charcoal

27
Q

What is the diagnostic feature seen in Gram-stained urethral discharge from symptomatic males?

A

Gram-negative diplococci inside polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs)

28
Q

Laboratory Diagnosis methods for N. gonorrheae

A
  1. Gram Stain
  2. Culture
  3. Biochemical Test
  4. Immunoserologic Identification
  5. Molecular Assays
  6. Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing
29
Q

Culture Mediums used for Neisseria

A

A. Thayer-Martin Medium
B. Modified Thayer-Martin medium (MTM)
C. Martin-Lewis (ML) medium
D. GC-Lect
E. New York City (NYC) Medium
G. Transport Media

30
Q

Biochemical Test used for N. gonorrheae

A

A. Oxidase Test
B. Carbohydrate Utilization
C. Superoxol Test
D. Limulus Test
E. DNAse Test
F. Sugar Degradation Test

31
Q

Immunoserologic Identification methods used for N. gonorrheae

A

PARTICLE AGGLUTINATION METHODS
FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TEST (FAT)
ELISA (Gonozyme)

32
Q

PARTICLE AGGLUTINATION METHODS types

A

a. Phadebact GC OMNI Test
b. MicroTrak Culture Confirmation Test
c. GonoGen II Test

33
Q

Molecular Assays used for N. gonorrheae

A

a. Nucleic Acid Amplification Test (NAATs)
b. Chemiluminiscentucleic acid probe

34
Q

What are the colony characteristics of Neisseria gonorrhoeae on CAP?

A

Small, grayish to tan, convex, translucent, shiny colonies.

35
Q

What selective medium contains colistin, vancomycin, and nystatin?

A

Thayer-Martin medium.

36
Q

What medium is used to isolate Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum?

A

New York City (NYC) medium.

37
Q

What reagent is used in the oxidase test for Neisseria gonorrhoeae?

A

Dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride.

38
Q

What is a positive result in the oxidase test?

A

Purple color within 10 seconds.

39
Q

Which sugar is fermented by Neisseria gonorrhoeae in carbohydrate utilization tests?

A

Glucose only.

40
Q

What is the result of the superoxol test for Neisseria gonorrhoeae?

A

Vigorous bubbling.

41
Q

What molecular assay detects gonococcal rRNA in genital specimens within 1-2 hours?

A

Chemiluminescent nucleic acid probe.

42
Q

What is the advantage of nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) for Neisseria gonorrhoeae?

A

They detect Chlamydia trachomatis and are less sensitive to transport and storage conditions

43
Q

What medium is preferred for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Neisseria gonorrhoeae?

A

Gonococcal (GC) medium.

44
Q

What method is commonly used to test antimicrobial susceptibility for Neisseria gonorrhoeae?

A

Disk diffusion or agar dilution (MIC)

45
Q
A

BACTERIOLOGY (25 decks)

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