B2.3 GROUP B,C and G STREPTOCOCCI Flashcards
GROUP B STREPTOCOCCI
Streptococcus agalactiae
have group B–specific antigen, acid-stable
polysaccharide located in cell wall
normal flora of female genital tract and lower
gastrointestinal tract
Streptococcus agalactiae
Streptococcus agalactiae MOT
Endogenous strain
gaining access to sterile site(s) probable
Streptococcus agalactiae MOT normally
Direct contact
Causes infection of fetus during passage through the colonized birth canal and premature rupture of mother’s membrane
VIRULENCE FACTORS of Streptococcus agalactiae
CAPSULE
important virulence factor for S. agalactiae
prevents phagocytosis but is ineffective after
opsonization
CAPSULE
most significant component of the capsule of S. agalactiae
critical virulence determinant
SIALIC ACID
AVIRULENT FACTORS of S. agalactiae
Hemolysin
CAMP factor
Neuraminidase
Dnase
Hyaluronidase
Protease
RELATED INFECTIONS AND DISEASES with S. agalactiae
- NEONATAL SEPSIS and MENINGITIS
- Pneumonia
- Postpartum Infection ENDOMETRITIS
- Osteomyelitis
- UTI
- Puerperal Infection
- Endocarditis (Tricuspid Valve Endocarditis)
- Skin infection
- Important etiologic agent of bovine mastitis
S. agalactiae is the most common etiologic cause of
NEONATAL SEPSIS and
MENINGITIS
Neonatal GBS Diseases
Early-onset infection (<7 days old) causes
pneumonia and sepsis
Neonatal GBS Disease
Late-onset infection n (7 days old - 3 months old) causes
meningitis and
sepsis
Specimen of choice for determining S. agalactiae
Vaginal and Rectal swabs
LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS methods for S. agalactiae
- Culture Medium
- CHRISTIE, ATKINS, AND MUNCH-PETERSEN (CAMP) TES
- HIPPURATE HYDROLYSIS TEST
- SEROTYPING
- Culture Medium methods for S. agalactiae
Blood agar plate
Selective broth
Granada Agar
Types of selective broth for S. agalactiae
a. Lim Broth
b. TransVag broth
c. StrepB Carrot Broth
Blood agar plate results for S. agalactiae
grayish white, mucoid, more translucent to opaque, soft, smooth colonies surrounded by smaller zone of βhemolysis
Lim Broth components for S. agalactiae
Todd-Hewitt broth with Colistin and
Nalidixic acid = TRANSPORT MEDIUM
TransVag broth components for S. agalactiae
Gentamicin and Nalidixic acid
StrepB Carrot Broth method for S. agalactiae
orange or red pigment (6 hours
incubation)
selective agar for vaginal or rectal swabs
yellow to orange colonies produced by S. agalactiae
Granada Agar
Test for presumptive identification of GBS: S. agalactiae (+)
CHRISTIE, ATKINS, AND MUNCH-PETERSEN (CAMP) TEST
act synergistically with β-hemolysin produced by S. aureus to cause enhanced lysis of RBC
CAMP FACTOR
CHRISTIE, ATKINS, AND MUNCH-PETERSEN (CAMP) TEST method
GBS are streaked perpendicular to a streak of S. aureus on
sheep blood agar
CHRISTIE, ATKINS, AND MUNCH-PETERSEN (CAMP) TEST positive result for S. agalactiae
Arrowhead-shaped hemolysis
RAPID CAMP TEST OR SPOT CAMP TEST method
place a drop of extracted β-lysin on area of confluent growth of suspected GBS
incubation: 35° C for 20 minutes
RAPID CAMP TEST OR SPOT CAMP TEST positive result for S. agalactiae
enhanced hemolysis
S. agalactiae (+) has ______
that hydrolyzes sodium hippurate to form sodium benzoate and glycine
hippuricase (hippurate hydrolase)
Ammonia + ninhydrin and hydrindantin will show what color
PURPLECOLORED COMPLEX
Test that detects S. agalactiae by reacting ammonia with the products of deaminated glycine as well as reduced form of ninhydrin which causes a purple colored complex when positive
HIPPURATE HYDROLYSIS TEST
Coagglutination or Latex Agglutination method of detecting S. agalactiae
SEROTYPING
S. agalactiae treatment
PENICILLIN
GROUPS C AND G STREPTOCOCCI are recovered from
the upper respiratory tract, vagina and skin
are animal pathogens and the
main source of STREPTOKINASE
Group C streptococci
GROUPS C AND G STREPTOCOCCI
spp.
S. dysagalactiae subsp. equisimilis and
S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus
Types of Group C and G Streptococci
Large Colony-forming Isolates
Small-Colony–forming Isolates
isolates with groups A, C, G and L antigens belong to the
pyogenic streptococci
large-colony–forming β-hemolytic isolates with group C and G antigens belong to
S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis
Large Colony-forming Isolates
pyogenic streptococci
S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis
small-colony–forming β-hemolytic isolates with group C and G antigens belong to the
S. anginosus group
Small-Colony–forming Isolates
S. anginosus group
Group C Streptococci
all species (S. equi, S. equisimilis, S. zooepidemicus) are β-hemolytic except
S. dysagalctiae which may be αhemolytic or non-hemolytic
Group C Streptococci are differentiated by
carbohydrate fermentation
RELATED INFECTIONS AND DISEASES of GCS and GGS
animal pathogens but may infect humans
causes disease in horse
S. equi
may cause pharyngitis, puerperal sepsis, endocarditis, bacteremia, osteomyelitis, brain abcess, post-operative wound infection and pneumonia in humans
S. equisimilis
source of streptokinase used in Thrombolytic Therapy
S. equisimilis
S. equisimilis may cause what diseases in humans
pharyngitis,
puerperal sepsis,
endocarditis,
bacteremia,
osteomyelitis,
brain abcess,
post-operative wound infection and pneumonia
similar types of acute infections described for S. pyogenes and S. agalactiae, but usually involve compromised patients
Group C and G Streptococci
occur in patients with underlying malignancies
Group G streptococci
occasionally have been associated with acute pharyngitis
Group C organisms
Group C streptococci are susceptible to what antimicrobials
Bacitracin and SXT
Group G streptococci may be resistant or susceptible to what antimicrobial
bacitracin