B2.1 Grammar Quiz Flashcards

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1
Q

Strong Verbs (characteristics and examples)

A

Stem vowel changes in one or more tenses (possibly including the present). Take no endings for first and third person singular in simple past. Past participle takes -en.

E.g. Gehen (ging/gegangen), Helfen (half/geholfen), Fahren (fuhr/gefahren), Sehen (sah/gesehen), sitzen (saß, gesessen)

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2
Q

Weak Verbs (characteristics and examples)

A

No stem vowel changes in any tense. Take -te endings in simple past and Konjunktiv II. Take -t endings for past participles.

E.g. Arbeiten (arbeitete/gearbeitet)

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3
Q

Mixed Verbs (characteristics and examples)

A

Verbs with weak endings (-te endings in simple past and subjunctive II, and -t endings for past participles), but which nevertheless do have stem vowel changes.

E.g. Nennen (nannte/genannt), Mögen (mochte/gemocht), Denken (dachte/gedacht)

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4
Q

Maskulin Adjective Declination: Decline ‘the big table’ in the 4 cases

A

Der große Tisch; den großen Tisch; dem großen Tisch; des großen Tische

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5
Q

Maskulin Adjective Declination: Decline ‘a big table’ in the 4 cases

A

Ein großer Tisch; einen großen Tisch; einem großen Tisch; eines großen Tisches

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6
Q

Neutral Adjective Declination: Decline ‘the cold room’ in the 4 cases

A

Das kalte Zimmer; das kalte Zimmer; dem kalten Zimmer; des kalten Zimmers

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7
Q

Neutral Adjective Declination: Decline ‘a red car’ in the 4 cases

A

Ein rotes Auto; ein rotes Auto: einem roten Auto: eines roten Autos

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8
Q

Feminin Adjective Declination: Decline ‘the bright light’ in the 4 tenses

A

Die helle Lampe; die helle Lampe; der hellen Lampe; der hellen Lampe

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9
Q

Feminin Adjective Declination: Decline ‘a beautiful woman’ in the 4 cases

A

Eine schöne Frau; eine schöne Frau; einer schönen Frau; einer schönen Frau

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10
Q

Indefinite Adjective Declination rule

A

Ending of Adjective always takes last letter of definite article except for ‘des’ in the Genitiv where the ending is -en

N: großer Tisch; helle Lampe; kaltes Zimmer
A: großen Tisch; helle Lampe; kaltes Zimmer
D: großem Tisch; heller Lampe; kaltem Zimmer
G: großen Tisches; heller Lampe; kalten Zimmers

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11
Q

Demonstrative Pronouns: Difference between dieser/diese/dieses and jener/jene/jenes

A

Used as demonstrative articles, as stand alone words or as a substitute for a noun.

dies- refers to something that is spatially or temporally closer.

jene- points to something that is spatially or temporally distant.

BONUS:
There are also some derived adverbs:

diesseits: on this side
jenseits: on the other side
The noun das Diesseits means our world/life, while das Jenseits means “afterlife.”

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12
Q

Lokalangaben: When to use ‘bei’?

A

Question: wo?

Case: bei + dativ

When?: With people/events/some authorities

Bei meinen Eltern/beim Arzt/beim Friseur/bei der Polizei/beim Unterricht/bei Mercedes

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13
Q

Lokalangaben: When to use ‘zu’?

A

Question: Wohin

Case: Dativ

When?: People/events/some authorities

Zu meinen Eltern, zum Arzt, zum Friseur, zur Polizei, zum Unterricht, zu Mercedes

Ich bin am Wochenende zu meinen Eltern gefahren (I drove to my parents’ at the weekend)

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14
Q

What are the rules and two exceptions for adding an -n to the noun in the plural in Dativ case

A

Must append an -n to the nominativ form of noun in plural Dativ.

E.g. die Monate/den Monaten, die Eier/den Eiern, die Bäume/den Bäumen

Exceptions:
If plural already ends with -n then no change (die Eltern/den Eltern, die Mädchen/den Mädchen)

Or if ends with an -s then no change (e.g. die Fotos/den Fotos, die UFOs/den UFOs)

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15
Q

What is the rule for adding an -s or -es noun ending in the Genitiv?

A

Add an -s or -es to noun in Genitiv maskulin or neutral. Decision depends on what sounds better.

Exception: weak nouns that take n-Deklination (e.g. der Mensch/des Menschen, der Nachbar/des Nachbarn)

(E.g. der Tisch/des Tisches, das Zimmer/des Zimmers)

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16
Q

When does ‘Deklination II’ occur?

A

After weak nouns in all but the singular nominative tense.

  1. People and Animals: der Experte/den Experten, der Junge/dem Jungen, der Grieche/den Griechen
  2. Weitere Personen: der Bauer/dem Bauern, der Fürst/des Fürsten
  3. Nomen auf -and, -ant, -ent, -ist: der Doktorand/des Doktoranden, der Elefant/dem Elefanten, der Lieferant/die Lieferanten
  4. Nomen aus dem Griechischen: der Soziologe/den Soziologen, der Fotograf/dem Fotografen, der Automat/den Automaten
  5. Einige abstrakte Nomen (Genitiv mit -s): der Name/des Namens, der Gedanke/den Gedanken