B2 - Respiration Flashcards
What is respiration?
A reaction that releases energy, it takes place in all the cells of all living organisms
What are the two pathways that respiration can follow?
Aerobic - Oxygen present
- Large amount of energy produced
Anaerobic - No oxygen present
- Small amount of energy released
Where does aerobic respiration take place in the cell?
The mitocondria
What is the chemical word equation for aerobic respiration?
Oxygen + Glucose = Carbon Dioxide + Water
Where does anaerobic respiration take place?
In the fluid portion of the cytoplasm
What is the chemical word equation for anaerobic respiration?
Glucose = Lactic Acid
What is the chemical word equation for anaerobic respiration in plants and yeast?
Glucose = Ethanol (alcohol) + C02
What is diffusion?
The movement of substances from a highly concentrated environment to a low concentrated environment. (The higher the difference, the faster the movement)
Briefly describe the process of respiration in humans when we inhale…
When humans inhale, oxygen comes in through the alveolus and diffuses into the plasma of the blood cells in the capillary. Within the capillary are deoxygenated blood cells that have been sent from the heart. The oxygen enters these cells then returns to the heart for pumping.
Briefly describe the process of respiration in humans when we exhale…
When we exhale, carbon dioxide leaves the bloody capillary, diffuses into the alveoli cells and is exhaled into the atmosphere.
How does the body respond to the demands of exercise?
Increase in breathing rate will allow more oxygen to the blood
Removal of excess C02 at a faster rate
What is the purpose of the heart?
To pump blood all around the body
What is the purpose of the blood?
To transport substances around the body (e.g. glucose, oxygen, carbon dioxide, lactic acid)
Why/how is lactic acid produced?
Lactic acid is produced when the body begins to breakdown carbohydrates in times of low oxygen levels
Why doesn’t aerobic respiration not take place during strenuous exertion?
Because not enough oxygen is able to reach the muscles
