B2 - Protein Synthesis

Question 1

What is Transcription?

Answer 1

To copy

Question 2

What is Translation?

Answer 2

To convert

Question 3

What is a gene?

Answer 3

A length of DNA that gives the information to make a protein

Question 4

What is a Catalyst?

Answer 4

A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself undergoing any permanent chemical change

Question 5

Describe Transcription

Answer 5

It occurs in the nucleus of a cell

The DNA in a gene unwinds and unzips via Enzymes

This causes the 4 nucleotides to be exposed (A,C,T,G)

RNA Polymerase then uses the DNA as a template to produce mRNA

Question 6

Describe Translation

Answer 6

The mRNA leaves the nucleus of the cell and enters the Cytoplasm

Each strand of mRNA binds to a Ribosome forming an mRNA Ribosome complex

Then tRNA begins to bind to its complmentary bases along the strands of mRNA dependent on the codon it carries

Once the bonds have been formed between the mRNA and the tRNA each tRNA separates from its Amino Acid and its mRNA strand

The linked Amino Acids then form a Protein (or Polypeptide