B2 Protein / Enzymes Flashcards
Which molecule are proteins made from?
Amino Acids.
What happens to the long chains formed by these molecules?
Folded into a specific shape.
What do proteins act as?
Structural components of tissue.
Hormones.
Antibodies.
Catalysts.
What do catalysts do?
Increase the rate of chemical reactions.
What are biological catalysts called?
Enzymes.
Which type of molecule are enzymes made from?
Proteins.
What property of enzymes is vital for its function?
Shape of enzyme molecule.
What do high temperatures do to enzymes?
Change the shape of the enzyme molecule.
Enzyme becomes denatured.
What other factors are important for enzymes to function correctly?
pH.
What does denatured mean?
When the active site of an enzyme changes shape.
Which 2 enzymes are present in biological detergents?
Proteases.
Lipases.
How does having enzymes in biological detergents help them to perform better?
More effective at low temperatures.
High temperatures = denature enzymes.
How are proteases used in industry?
To pre-digest baby food.
Pre-digest baby food helps babies in what way?
Makes it easier for them to digest food.
How is isomerase used in industry?
To convert glucose syrup into fructose syrup.
Which is much sweeter.
Used in smaller quantities in slimming foods.
