B1.3 - Respiration

Question 1

what is the equation for aerobic respiration

Answer 1

glucose + oxygen —-> cabon dioxide + water

Question 2

what is the number equation for aerobic respiration

Answer 2

C6H1206 + 602 —-> 6C02 + 6H20

Question 3

what is respiration

Answer 3

a universal chemical process which continuosly supplies ATP (a form of chemical energy) in all living cells

Question 4

is cellular respiration an exothermic or endothermic reaction

Answer 4

cellular respiration is an exothermic reaction

Question 5

what elements do carbohydrate molecules contain

Answer 5

carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

Question 6

what are carbohydrates made up of

Answer 6

simple sugars (monomer) e.g. glucose

Question 7

what are carbohydrates (polymer) stored as

Answer 7

stored as starch in plants, and stored as glycogen in the liver

Question 8

how are carbohydrates used in respiration

Answer 8

carbohydrates provide glucose needed as the reactant as glycogen is broken down

Question 9

what are lipids (large) made up of

Answer 9

fatty acids and glycerol

Question 10

what are lipids stored as

Answer 10

fat in adipose tissue

Question 11

how are lipids used in respiration

Answer 11

fat is broken down into fatty acids and glycerol. these are used in small reactions within respiration

Question 12

what is protein (polymer) made up of

Answer 12

amino acids

Question 13

what are proteins stored as

Answer 13

amino acids which can be used in the liver

Question 14

how are proteins used in repsiration

Answer 14

the amino acids can be broken down to molecules that can be respired

Question 15

what is anaerobic respiration

Answer 15

respiration in the abscence of oxygen

Question 16

what is the equation for anaerobic respiration

Answer 16

glucose —-> lactic acid (less ATP/energy is released)

Question 17

what is the number equation for anaerobic respiration

Answer 17

C6H1206 —-> 2C3H603

Question 18

what is the equation for anaerobic respiration in animals

Answer 18

fermentation + glucose —-> ethanol + carbon dioxide

Question 19

the energy released by respiration is in the form of what

Answer 19

ATP

Question 20

what is ATP

Answer 20

ATP is the energy source for cell processes. it can release energy very quickly

Question 21

how much ATP molecules per glucose molecule can aerobic respiration produce

Answer 21

aerobic respiration can produce up to 38ATP molecules per glucose molecule

Question 22

how much ATP molecules per glucose molecule can anaerobic respiration produce

Answer 22

anaerobic respiration can produce only 2ATP molecules per glucose molecule

Question 23

what are 5 things energy in animals is used for

Answer 23

1) muscle contractions so animals can move.
2) building larger molecules from smaller ones.
3) making proteins, fats and carbohydrates.
4) building new tissues e.g. muscle,skin,bone.
5) keeping body temperature steady.

Question 24

what are 3 things energy in plants can be used for

Answer 24

1) buildinng larger molecules from small things.
2) making amino acids from sugars, nitrates and other nutrients.
3) combining amino acids to make proteins.

Question 25

what is oxygen debt due to

Answer 25

oxygen debt is due to build up of lactic acid

Question 26

what happenes to following exercise breathing in oxygen debt

Answer 26

following oxygen debt is faster and deeper

Question 27

what happens to the extra oxygen in oxygen debt

Answer 27

the extra oxygen is used to break down the lactic acid

Question 28

what happens to the heart rate in oxygen debt

Answer 28

the heart rate stays high to increase rate of blood flow to liver, where the lactic acid is broken down