B1.1 (cell membranes)

Question 1

what can go througb cell membrane

Answer 1

sterioid
o2
N

and small polar molecules

Question 2

a poly peptide os a

Answer 2

chain of Aa residue joined by peptide bonds

can be in any orddr so infinite possibility

Question 3

form ans function of protein

Answer 3

specific complememntary shapes of enxymes

large set of lungs and small intestines to absorb more

Question 4

animal proteon has all

Answer 4

the essential aa but

plant types dont so vegans need to eat a large variarity

Question 5

denaturisation

Answer 5

a permanent change of the 3d shape of a protein. they usually lose their function since the function is related to their shape

Question 7

H+ and OH-

Answer 7

H+ is acidic

OH- is alkaline

Question 8

as the temperature increases…..

Answer 8

the particles move sadter so the enzyme/substrate will join together more often.

above 37ºc the rate of catalyst falls because the energy increase causes the weak h bonds to break, losing the 3d shape of the protein. it no longer fits together so cant catalyse the reaction any more.

Question 9

the cell membrane was designed to be a

Answer 9

barrier so we can create diffrent internal and external envirpments

SO MEMBRANES CAN BE SELECTIVELY PERMEABLEE

Question 10

LIPIDS in plasma membranes

Answer 10

phospholipids- many
cholesterol- to stabalise
glycolipids. on the external surface

Question 11

integral and peipheral proteins

Answer 11

integral: all way through membrane

peipheral. dont go all way through

Question 12

cholesterols role im plasma membranes

Answer 12

1. type of steroid/lipid.
   polar end but is manly nonpolar
   it is in the bilayer between phospholipids and makes the membrane stronger and more stable

Question 13

why can cholesterol be bad?

Answer 13

because they make the membrne stronger, which isnt too good because we need the membrane to be fluedity so can fuse together and so susbtances can pass through

Question 14

pther things in plamsa membranes

Answer 14

proteins
_ immobilised ENzymes embeded in membrNE
transport protien (active transporty)
communication (neuro-transmitter binding and hormones)

anddddd
glycoproteins
glycolipids
which are involved in cell adhesion and recognition (antigens)

Question 15

carbohydrate groups

Answer 15

glyco…..
are involved in sticking together

Question 16

function of membrae PROTEINS

Answer 16

transport proteins

cell-cell recognition

receptors (hormones and neuro-transmitters)

enzyme activity

cell adhesion

Question 17

what cna ge tthrough cell membrane

Answer 17

from easiest to hardest

1. hydrphobic o2, h2
2. small uncharged polar H2o, co2, urea, glycerol
3. large uncharged polar molecuesl= glucoes and sucroes
4. ions= na+ k+ cl- ca2+

Question 18

SPECIFIC MEMBRANE PROTEINS ARE

Answer 18

REsponsible for transfering large unpolar molecules and ions accross the membrane

Question 19

simple diffusion

Answer 19

net passive movement of a substance from area of high concentration to low concentrstion. passive cause is transported with no use of atp from organism

throiugh membranes it is simple diffusion